Chemical thinning of apple with new compounds

Dorigoni, A.; Lezzer, P.

doi:10.1007/s10341-007-0038-8

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In preliminary experiments performed on cv Red Chief, MET was shown to be an effective thinner in this genotype (A. Dorigoni, personal communication), as observed in other apple cultivars (Dorigoni and Lezzer, 2007). This experimental scheme is suitable for the purposes of this study because it provides fruitlet populations with diverse genetic backgrounds and APs, obtained either from the natural availability or through different chemical treatments.…”

Section: Fruit Drop Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Early Induction of Apple Fruitlet Abscission Is Characterized by an Increase of Both Isoprene Emission and Abscisic Acid Content

et al. 2013

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Apple (Malus domestica) fruitlet abscission represents an interesting model system to study the early phases of the shedding process, during which major transcriptomic changes and metabolic rearrangements occur within the fruit. In apple, the drop of fruits at different positions within the cluster can be selectively magnified through chemical thinners, such as benzyladenine and metamitron, acting as abscission enhancers. In this study, different abscission potentials were obtained within the apple fruitlet population by means of the above-cited thinners. A metabolomic study was conducted on the volatile organic compounds emitted by abscising fruitlets, allowing for identification of isoprene as an early marker of abscission induction. A strong correlation was also observed between isoprene production and abscisic acid (ABA) levels in the fruit cortex, which were shown to increase in abscising fruitlets with respect to nonabscising ones. Transcriptomic evidence indicated that abscissionrelated ABA is biologically active, and its increased biosynthesis is associated with the induction of a specific ABA-responsive 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene. According to a hypothetical model, ABA may transiently cooperate with other hormones and secondary messengers in the generation of an intrafruit signal leading to the downstream activation of the abscission zone. The shedding process therefore appears to be triggered by multiple interdependent pathways, whose fine regulation, exerted within a very short temporal window by both endogenous and exogenous factors, determines the final destiny of the fruitlets.

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Section: Fruit Drop Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Early Induction of Apple Fruitlet Abscission Is Characterized by an Increase of Both Isoprene Emission and Abscisic Acid Content

et al. 2013

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“…The effect of metamitron applied alone or in tank mix with BA or NAA on fruit maturity parameters of young 'Golden Delicious' apples in three experimental years. some growing conditions double metamitron treatment in high concentration can cause overthinning (Dorigoni and Lezzer, 2007;Basak, 2011). Combined application of metamitron and BA as well as the combination of metamitron and NAA in standard rates caused sufficient fruit abscission.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of metamitron efficiency for postbloom thinning of young ‘Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple trees

Radivojević¹,

Milivojević²,

Pavlović³

et al. 2020

Turk J Agric For

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Introduction Establishing new apple orchards using well-feathered apple trees has recently become common practice. In favourable growing conditions, these trees can produce high yield in the second leaf, achieving full productivity in the fourth leaf (Radivojevic et al., 2014). High-quality trees of the cultivars 'Gala' and 'Golden Delicious' during the establishing period frequently produce an excessive number of fruitlets but this can be insufficient to guarantee fruit of good marketable size at harvest (Bregoli et al., 2007). Furthermore, an unwanted excessive number of fruit per tree during that period can reduce the growth of a young tree and delay the achievement of maximum tree size. Because of this, trees require adequate thinning to reach marketable fruit sizes and regular yields by preventing alternate bearing (Maas, 2006). In mature orchards chemical fruit thinning is a major cultural practice (Bound, 2006; Dorigoni and Lezzer, 2007), but in young apple orchards hand fruit thinning is usually done. However, due to the increasing lack of seasonal workers and high labour costs, this job is becoming unrealisable, especially in large areas (Radivojević et al., 2011). Moreover, hand thinning is usually carried out after June-drop, by which time only increases in fruit size are achieved and there is no reduction in alternate bearing (Maas, 2006). Chemical thinning, as compared to hand thinning, is a quick operation and allows thinning fruit at the right moment, guaranteeing better fruit quality and significantly reducing labour costs (Costa et al., 2006). In young apple orchards chemical thinning has to be regularly performed and start in the second leaf, whereby different chemicals can be applied either alone or in combination in order to improve reliability and thinning efficacy (Verjans et al., 2018). Plant growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins have become essential in commercial apple production (Brunner, 2014; Stern, 2015). However,

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“…The second approach was to test the use of Brevis developed by Makhtashim Agan, a specially formulated thinning agent containing the photosynthesis inhibitor metamitron as active ingredient. Studies with an herbicide-formulation of metamitron have shown the potential use of metamitron for thinning apples (Clever, 2007;Dorigoni and Lezzer, 2007;Köpcke, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Load Regulation in 'Conference' Pears

Maas¹,

Steeg²

2011

Acta Hortic.

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To achieve target yields, crop regulation measures in 'Conference' pears may vary from year to year and may embrace measures to stimulate flower bud development and enhance fruit set, but often also chemical thinning of excess fruit. In 'Conference' the value of the crop at harvest strongly depends on the size distribution of the fruit. The aim is to harvest as many pears as possible with fruit diameters of 65 mm or more, since these sizes provide better economic returns than do smaller fruit. In years with ample flowering and good conditions for pollination, fruit set frequently becomes excessive and thinning is needed to realize the target crop load and the desired fruit size. Hand thinning is labor intensive and thus expensive. Therefore, chemical thinning is being examined as a cheaper alternative. Ethephon applied at 12 to 14 mm fruit diameter also thinned 'Conference' pears, but was somewhat less effective than the combination of BA and NAA. The percentages of fruit having a diameter >65 mm were significantly increased up to 80 to 90% of the yield for those treatments that thinned the trees to the target fruit load of about 110 fruit per tree.

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Chemical thinning of apple with new compounds

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Early Induction of Apple Fruitlet Abscission Is Characterized by an Increase of Both Isoprene Emission and Abscisic Acid Content

Early Induction of Apple Fruitlet Abscission Is Characterized by an Increase of Both Isoprene Emission and Abscisic Acid Content

Comparison of metamitron efficiency for postbloom thinning of young ‘Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple trees

Crop Load Regulation in 'Conference' Pears

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