Chemically Tuning the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances of Gold Nanostructure Arrays

Yong, Zheng; Jensen, Linlin; Yan, Wei; Walker, T.G.; Juluri, Bala Krishna; Jensen, Lasse; Huang, Tony Jun

doi:10.1021/jp8106606

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…1 Especially nanostructured metallic thin films have gained significant relevance, e.g., for magnetic recording media 2 and photovoltaics. 3 Many different studies have demonstrated how a precise control of the film and substrate morphology at the submicron scale enables the fabrication of functional surfaces with tailored magnetic, 4-7 optical, 8,9 chemical, 10,11 or biological properties. 12 Various methods have been utilized to fabricate those nanostructured thin films with well defined morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycrystalline Ni thin films on nanopatterned Si substrates: From highly conformal to nonconformal anisotropic growth

et al. 2011

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The growth of polycrystalline Ni thin films on nanorippled Si templates is investigated in situ by grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering as well as ex situ by atomic force microscopy and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. The templates have been fabricated by low-energy ion sputtering which leads to the spontaneous formation of a periodic ripple pattern with about 35 nm periodicity and about 3 nm peak-to-peak height. Highly conformal growth of the Ni film is observed under normal incidence deposition with the film surface perfectly replicating the substrate morphology up to a film thickness of at least 120 nm. Grazing incidence deposition perpendicular to the ripple orientation leads to the formation of one-dimensional nanowires on one side of the ripples due to geometrical shadowing. At a film thickness of about 10 nm, a transition to anisotropic columnar growth with rapidly decreasing conformity is observed. In this regime, the nanowires act as growth seeds for the columns and further geometrical shadowing leads to a film consisting of rows of tilted columns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycrystalline Ni thin films on nanopatterned Si substrates: From highly conformal to nonconformal anisotropic growth

et al. 2011

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“…In particular, NSL has been widely used to fabricate periodic plasmonic metal nanoparticle arrays, resulting in triangular-shaped and quasi-spherical nanoparticles from monolayer and bilayer sphere masks, respectively. [2][3] Other shapes of nanostructures, such as nanodisks, [4][5] nanocrescents, 6-8 nanorings, 9 have also been fabricated through a multi-step fabrication process involving dry etching and/or angled-deposition. [10][11][12][13] These nanostructures with miscellaneous shapes are promising candidates for a number of applications, such as surface-enhanced spectroscopy, 7, 14 photocatalysis, 15 active plasmonics, [16][17][18][19] and biochemical sensing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Moiré Nanosphere Lithography

Chen

Rajeeva

et al. 2015

ACS Nano

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We have developed moiré nanosphere lithography (M-NSL), which incorporates in-plane rotation between neighboring monolayers, to extend the patterning capability of conventional nanosphere lithography (NSL). NSL, which uses self-assembled layers of monodisperse micro/nanospheres as masks, is a low-cost, scalable nanofabrication technique and has been widely employed to fabricate various nanoparticle arrays. Combination with dry etching and/or angled deposition has greatly enriched the family of nanoparticles NSL can yield. In this work, we introduce a variant of this technique, which uses sequential stacking of polystyrene nanosphere monolayers to form a bilayer crystal instead of conventional spontaneous self-assembly. Sequential stacking leads to the formation of moiré patterns other than the usually observed thermodynamically stable configurations. Subsequent O2 plasma etching results in a variety of complex nanostructures. Using the etched moiré patterns as masks, we have fabricated complementary gold nanostructures and studied their optical properties. We believe this facile technique provides a strategy to fabricate complex nanostructures or metasurfaces.

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“…At certain wavelengths, maximum coupling from electromagnetic waves to localized surface plasmons can be achieved and these are known as the localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of the structure. LSPRs of metal nanostructures depend on properties such as the size, 10,11 shape, [12][13][14] metal material, 15 surrounding dielectric material, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and the charge of the metal. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Active plasmonic devices can be realized by externally tuning the LSPR of nanostructures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reducing the size of particles via etching can cause a blue shift in the spectrum. 11 Etching is not a reversible process. In this study, the peak position eventually returned to its original state, indicating that etching did not occur.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in plasmon resonance due to charging of a nanodisk array in argon plasma

Lapsley

Shahravan

Hao

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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A method for generating charge-induced plasmonic shifts, using argon plasma to charge nanoparticle arrays, is presented. Particles develop a negative charge, due to enhanced collisions with high-temperature electrons, in low-temperature plasmas. The negative charge generated causes a blue shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance. The dynamics of the shift were recorded and discussed. This effect could be used as a real-time method for studying the dynamics for charging in plasma. Plasmonics deals with optically excited, oscillations of electrons at the interface between a metal and a dielectric, 1 and this phenomenon has driven the development of many optical devices. 2-9 Surface plasmons excited in metal structures, confined at the nanoscale in three dimensions (i.e., nanoparticles, nanodisks, etc.), are known as localized surface plasmons. At certain wavelengths, maximum coupling from electromagnetic waves to localized surface plasmons can be achieved and these are known as the localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of the structure. LSPRs of metal nanostructures depend on properties such as the size, 10,11 shape, 12-14 metal material, 15 surrounding dielectric material, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and the charge of the metal. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Active plasmonic devices can be realized by externally tuning the LSPR of nanostructures. Previously, chemical/electrochemical charging was used to actively tune the LSPR of arrays of both silver 24,25,30 and gold 23,26,27,29 nanostructures; however, this process is relatively slow. In this study, a rapid shift in the LSPR of an array of gold nanodisks was induced by surrounding the particles with a low-temperature argon plasma. This shift can be explained by the charging effect of the plasma. [31][32][33][34] Charging by the plasma takes place in only seconds, where chemical/electrochemical charging can take several minutes 24 to hours. 27 This method allows real-time monitoring of the charging effect induced by low-pressure plasmas and could be utilized for photonics applications based on the LSPR shift.In the experiment, the optical extinction spectrum of an array of gold nanodisks was measured while generating plasma. An array of gold nanodisks (diameters of 120 nm, thicknesses of 30 nm, and a periodicity of 300 nm) was fabricated on glass via electron-beam lithography. 35 A custom vacuum chamber was designed to include two flat, parallel windows to allow transmission of a probe light (Fig. 1(a)). The nanodisk array was placed inside the vacuum chamber where it was attached to one of the flat windows. The probe light, ejected from the input optical fiber and collimated by a lens, traveled through the vacuum chamber and the sample. The output light was collected by the output lens/optical fiber and delivered to an optical spectrometer. A vacuum system was used to evacuate the chamber to a base pressure of 150 mTorr. Argon was introduced into the chamber using a mass flow controller. The argon gas was introduced at a flow rate of 6 SCCM ...

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Chemically Tuning the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances of Gold Nanostructure Arrays

Cited by 61 publications

References 56 publications

Polycrystalline Ni thin films on nanopatterned Si substrates: From highly conformal to nonconformal anisotropic growth

Polycrystalline Ni thin films on nanopatterned Si substrates: From highly conformal to nonconformal anisotropic growth

Moiré Nanosphere Lithography

Shifts in plasmon resonance due to charging of a nanodisk array in argon plasma

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