Chemiluminescence mechanism of cyclic hydrazides such as luminol in aqueous solutions

Lind, Johan; Merényi, Gábor; Eriksen, Trygve E.

doi:10.1021/ja00364a032

Cited by 193 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…In luminol dependent CL kinetics, ROS production after 3-4 min results mainly from intracellular events [12,14,15]. Since the luminol-dependent CL requires H 2 O 2 [14,15,23], it is highly likely that the intracellular H 2 O 2 production is higher in PMN from M cows than those from S cows. Subsequently, the impairment of the intracellular reactions of the MPO-H 2 O 2 halide system is more pronounced in S cows, yielding less HOCl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High milk neutrophil chemiluminescence limits the severity of bovine coliform mastitis

2005

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-Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) function changes during mastitis. To investigate the contribution of milk PMN to the severity of Escherichia coli (E. coli) mastitis, chemiluminescence (CL) of blood and milk PMN and their efficiency to destroy coliform bacteria in the mammary gland were examined following the induction of E. coli mastitis in early lactating cows. To better assess and define the degree of mastitis severity, cows were classified as moderate and severe responders according to milk production loss in the non-infected quarters at post-infection hour (PIH) 48. There was an inverse relationship between pre-infection milk PMN CL and colony-forming units at PIH 6. In moderate cows, the pre-infection blood and milk PMN CL was ~ 2-fold higher than that of severe cows. The probability of severe response increased with decreasing pre-infection PMN CL. At the beginning of the infection blood and milk PMN CL was consistently higher, and milk PMN CL increased faster after infection in moderate cows. At PIH > 48 milk PMN CL in severe cows exceeded that of moderate cows. The somatic cell count (SCC) in moderate cows increased faster than colonyforming units, whereas in severe cows the results were reversed. The kinetics of CL activity for blood and milk PMN before and during the early phase of infection confirmed an impairment in PMN CL activity for severe responding cows. High pre-infection blood and milk PMN CL and the immediate increase of milk PMN CL and SCC after infection limited bacterial growth thereby facilitating the recovery of E. coli mastitis in moderate cows. Our study strengthens the idea that pre-existing milk PMN (a static part of the udder's immune defense) functions as a "cellular antibiotic" before and during infection, and low milk PMN CL is a risk factor for bovine coliform mastitis.bovine / chemiluminescence / mastitis / neutrophil / severity

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High milk neutrophil chemiluminescence limits the severity of bovine coliform mastitis

2005

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“…3). An explanation for the pH dependence of the HRP-catalyzed luminescent reactions can be found in a pulse radiolysis study of aqueous luminol reactions (18) and in the numerous pH-dependent studies of HRP-I1 reactions (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate constants for reactions of horseradish peroxidase compounds I and II with 4-substituted arylboronic acids

Sun¹,

Ji²,

Kricka³

et al. 1994

Can. J. Chem.

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The rate constants for the reactions of horseradish peroxidase compound I (kl) and compound I1 (k2) with three 4-substituted arylboronic acids, which enhance chemiluminescence in the horseradish peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of luminol by hydrogen peroxide, were determined at pH 8.6, total ionic strength 0.1 1 M, using stopped-flow kinetic measurements. For comparison, the rate constants of the reactions of 4-iodophenol with compounds I and I1 were also determined under the same experimental conditions. The three arylboronic acid derivatives and their rate constants are: 4-biphenylboronic acid, kl = (1.acid, which shows comparable luminescent enhancement to 4-iodophenol, has the highest reactivity in the reduction of both compounds I and I1 among the three arylboronic acid derivatives tested.

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“…CL in milk PMN was always monophasic with minimal intensity and durability during early lactation [158]. The luminol-dependent CL system requires H 2 O 2 [73,142] and both intra-and extracellular events contribute to this CL [69]. It is likely that the intracellular H 2 O 2 production and MPO-H 2 O 2 -halide activity is higher in blood than in milk PMN and their impairment is maximal during early lactation ( Fig.…”

Section: Number and Function Of Circulating Pmnmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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-Intramammary infections of dairy cows with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (major cause of mastitis) have received a lot of attention because of their major economic impact on the dairy farm through production losses induced by an increase in somatic cell count. Management strategies, including greater awareness for efficient milking and hygienic measures, have limited the spread of Gram-positive bacteria and resulted in a significant decrease of proportion of S. aureus isolates and subclinical mastitis worldwide. Other organisms such as coliform subspecies and Streptococcus uberis, both environmental bacteria that cause clinical mastitis, have received less attention. Escherichia coli causes inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows around parturition and during early lactation with striking local and sometimes severe systemic clinical symptoms. This disease affects many high producing cows in dairy herds and may cause several cases of death per year in the most severe cases. It is well known that bacterial, cow and environmental factors are interdependent and influence mastitis susceptibility. Many studies, executed during the last decade, indicate that the severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors rather than by E. coli pathogenicity. During E. coli mastitis, the host defense status is a cardinal factor determining the outcome of the disease. Today, we know that the neutrophil is a key factor in the cows' defense against intramammary infection with E. coli. Effective elimination of the pathogen by neutrophils is important for the resolution of infection and the outcome of E. coli mastitis. This review is a compilation of some major findings over the last 15 years concerning mainly host factors that modulate and influence neutrophil function and the mammary inflammatory reaction. The individual chapters address: virulence factors of E. coli strains, how neutrophils kill E. coli, connection between endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor-a and nitric oxide, severity classification of E. coli mastitis, lifespan of neutrophils, host factors that influence severity, tissue damage and production loss.

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Chemiluminescence mechanism of cyclic hydrazides such as luminol in aqueous solutions

Cited by 193 publications

References 2 publications

High milk neutrophil chemiluminescence limits the severity of bovine coliform mastitis

High milk neutrophil chemiluminescence limits the severity of bovine coliform mastitis

Rate constants for reactions of horseradish peroxidase compounds I and II with 4-substituted arylboronic acids

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

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