Chemiluminescence sensor for local equivalence ratio of reacting mixtures of fuel and air (FLAMESEEK)

Hardalupas, Y.; Orain, Mikaël; Panoutsos, Christos; Taylor, A. M. K. P.; Olofsson, Jörgen; Seyfried, Hans; Richter, Mattias; Hult, Johan; Aldén, Marcus; Hermann, Fredrik; Klingmann, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.10.028

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…By analyzing the light intensity passing through a flame, determining the radical concentration was found possible [3,11,12,83]. As is well known, the concentration of • OH radical decreases as a flame-retardant is added to burning gases.…”

Section: Chemiluminescence and Laser Induced Fluorescencementioning

confidence: 98%

“…With emerging analytical techniques, it has become possible to get a better understanding of the mode of action of flame-retardants. There is an increasing need to identify the transient species produced during a fire, in particular, the gas phase radical reactive species [3,11,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is very difficult to monitor and identify the decomposition pathways of flame-retardants in gas phase. Some methods have recently been developed in order to analyze and quantify the decomposition products of a flame retardant in a polymeric matrix [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. With emerging analytical techniques, it has become possible to get a better understanding of the mode of action of flame-retardants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The latest techniques used to prove, describe and analyze the gas phase activity of a fire retardant used in polymeric materials are briefly reviewed. Classical techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis or microscale combustion calorimetry, as well as complex and advanced analytical techniques, such as modified microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC), molecular beam mass spectroscopy and vacuum ultra violet (VUV) photoionization spectroscopy coupled with time of flight MS (TOF-MS), are described in this review. The recent advances in analytical techniques help not only in determining the gas phase activity of the flame-retardants but also identify possible reactive species responsible for gas phase flame inhibition. The complete understanding of the decomposition pathways and the flame retardant activity of a flame retardant system is essential for the development of new eco-friendly-tailored flame retardant molecules with high flame retardant efficiency.

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Section: Chemiluminescence and Laser Induced Fluorescencementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants

et al. 2015

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“…It relies on signals naturally emitted by the flame and circumvents the need of costly and delicate laser equipment typically required by other diagnostics. Yet the TC technique offers the prospect of measuring many critical flame quantities that are very challenging for other diagnostics, including the rate of heat release [12], local equivalence ratio [13], and flame topography [14]. These quantities are of great value for the development and validation of advanced models [9,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric imaging of turbulent reactive flows at kHz based on computed tomography

Li¹,

Ma²

2014

Opt. Express

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Diagnostics with three-dimensional (3D) spatial resolution and rapid temporal resolution have been long desired to resolve the complicated turbulence-chemistry interactions. This paper describes a method based on based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) to address this diagnostic need. The TC technique used multiple cameras to simultaneously record CH* chemiluminescence emitted by turbulent flames from different view angles. A 3D tomographic algorithm was then applied to reconstruct the instantaneous flame structures volumetrically. Both experimental and computational studies have been conducted to demonstrate and validate the 3D measurements. Experimental results were obtained instantaneously at kHz temporal rate, in a volume of 16 × 16 × 16 cm 3 , and with a spatial resolution estimated to be 2~3 mm. Computations were conducted to simulate the experimental conditions for comparison and validation.

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“…Existing techniques for the measurement of local equivalent ratio are typically based on 1) laser induced fluorescence (LIF) to track a fuel marker [2,3], 2) Raman scattering to measure fuel concentration [2,3], or 3) chemiluminescence from two combustion radicals (e.g., OH* and CH*) [3][4][5]. All three types of techniques have been relatively well-established, and have become standard diagnostic tools for combustion research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental validation of a three-dimensional combustion diagnostic based on tomographic chemiluminescence

Cai¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

130

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Three-dimensional (3D) measurements are highly desirable both for fundamental combustion research and practical monitoring and control of combustion systems. This work discusses a 3D diagnostic based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) to address this measurement need. The major contributions of this work are threefold. First, a hybrid algorithm is developed to solve the 3D TC problem. The algorithm was demonstrated in extensive tests, both numerical and experimental, to yield 3D reconstruction with high fidelity. Second, an experimental approach was designed to enable quantifiable metrics for examining key aspects of the 3D TC technique, including its spatial resolution and reconstruction accuracy. Third, based on the reconstruction algorithm and experimental results, we investigated the effects of the view orientations. The results suggested that for an unknown flame, it is better to use projections measured from random orientations than restricted orientations (e.g., coplanar orientations). These findings are expected to provide insights to the fundamental capabilities of the TC technique, and also to facilitate its practical application.

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Chemiluminescence sensor for local equivalence ratio of reacting mixtures of fuel and air (FLAMESEEK)

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants

An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants

Volumetric imaging of turbulent reactive flows at kHz based on computed tomography

Numerical and experimental validation of a three-dimensional combustion diagnostic based on tomographic chemiluminescence

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