Chemistry and Biology of Siderophores from Marine Microbes

Chen, Jianwei; Guo, Yuqi; Lu, Yaojia; Wang, Bixia; Sun, Jiadong; Zhang, Huawei; Wang, Hong

doi:10.3390/md17100562

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Heterotrophic marine bacteria and some cyanobacteria produce large numbers of siderophores, many of which have been isolated and characterized structurally (Arstol and Hohmann-Marriott, 2019;Chen et al, 2019). Siderophores from marine microorganisms can be classified into seven different types on the basis of their functional groups and hydrophobicity: hydroxamates, α-hydroxycarboxylates, catecholates, mixed hydroxamates/α-hydroxycarboxylates, mixed α-hydroxycarboxylates/catecholates, mixed hydroxamates/catecholates and other types of siderophores (Chen et al, 2019). Hydroxamate, catecholate and mixed-type siderophores can be detected in the supernatant of growing cyanobacteria cultures (Wilhelm and Trick, 1994).…”

Section: Siderophore-mediated Iron Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Uptake Mechanisms in Marine Phytoplankton

2020

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Oceanic phytoplankton species have highly efficient mechanisms of iron acquisition, as they can take up iron from environments in which it is present at subnanomolar concentrations. In eukaryotes, three main models were proposed for iron transport into the cells by first studying the kinetics of iron uptake in different algal species and then, more recently, by using modern biological techniques on the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In the first model, the rate of uptake is dependent on the concentration of unchelated Fe species, and is thus limited thermodynamically. Iron is transported by endocytosis after carbonate-dependent binding of Fe(III)' (inorganic soluble ferric species) to phytotransferrin at the cell surface. In this strategy the cells are able to take up iron from very low iron concentration. In an alternative model, kinetically limited for iron acquisition, the extracellular reduction of all iron species (including Fe') is a prerequisite for iron acquisition. This strategy allows the cells to take up iron from a great variety of ferric species. In a third model, hydroxamate siderophores can be transported by endocytosis (dependent on ISIP1) after binding to the FBP1 protein, and iron is released from the siderophores by FRE2-dependent reduction. In prokaryotes, one mechanism of iron uptake is based on the use of siderophores excreted by the cells. Iron-loaded siderophores are transported across the cell outer membrane via a TonB-dependent transporter (TBDT), and are then transported into the cells by an ABC transporter. Open ocean cyanobacteria do not excrete siderophores but can probably use siderophores produced by other organisms. In an alternative model, inorganic ferric species are transported through the outer membrane by TBDT or by porins, and are taken up by the ABC transporter system FutABC. Alternatively, ferric iron of the periplasmic space can be reduced by the alternative respiratory terminal oxidase (ARTO) and the ferrous ions can be transported by divalent metal transporters (FeoB or ZIP). After reoxidation, iron can be taken up by the high-affinity permease Ftr1.

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Section: Siderophore-mediated Iron Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Uptake Mechanisms in Marine Phytoplankton

2020

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“…Marine microorganisms have attracted more attention as natural producers of lead compounds. Marine microbes especially are considered as a renewable and reproducible source that can be easily cultured [98,99]. However, the speed of new lead compound discovery is slowing down.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drugs 2020, 18, x 14 of 27The inhibition of HCT116 cells by 97 was more potent than that of the positive control, cisplatin (IC50 33.4 μM)[30].2.3.2. Cyclopeptides Derived from the Co-Cultures of Marine Fungi and BacteriaRecently, the chemical investigation of the mixed-fermentation of a marine fungus Aspergillus versicolor isolated from the sponge Agelas oroides and B. subtilis yielded two cyclic pentapeptides, one new cotteslosin C (98) and a known cotteslosin A(99)…”

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confidence: 99%

The Structural Diversity of Marine Microbial Secondary Metabolites Based on Co-Culture Strategy: 2009–2019

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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Marine microorganisms have drawn great attention as novel bioactive natural product sources, particularly in the drug discovery area. Using different strategies, marine microbes have the ability to produce a wide variety of molecules. One of these strategies is the co-culturing of marine microbes; if two or more microorganisms are aseptically cultured together in a solid or liquid medium in a certain environment, their competition or synergetic relationship can activate the silent biosynthetic genes to produce cryptic natural products which do not exist in monocultures of the partner microbes. In recent years, the co-cultivation strategy of marine microbes has made more novel natural products with various biological activities. This review focuses on the significant and excellent examples covering sources, types, structures and bioactivities of secondary metabolites based on co-cultures of marine-derived microorganisms from 2009 to 2019. A detailed discussion on future prospects and current challenges in the field of co-culture is also provided on behalf of the authors’ own views of development tendencies.

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“…The major difference arose from an increment of m/z = 14.0157 Da in MS 1 adducts, and MS 2 evaluation indicated the presence of one extra methylene in one of the repeating units of the structure (22; Figure S4) The absence of an ion with m/z = 741.36 suggested the presence of a N 6 -cis-anhydromevalonyl-N 6 -hydroxy-N 2 -acetyl-L-lysine Although there are a few examples of bacterial siderophores containing -N 6 -hydroxy-N 2 -acetyl-L-lysine [21][22][23], fungal siderophores have not been reported to incorporate this unit [24][25][26][27]. Further MS 1 evidence suggested the presence of di-and tri-substituted units, as observed by the MS 1 spectra of ions m/z = 881 (23) and m/z = 895 (24) showing the same clustered adduct ions in MS 1 , but they were not obtained with enough intensity to produce observable MS 2 spectra (Figure S5). It is possible to infer that the substitution might be observed in any number of the three N 5 -cis-anhydromevalonyl-N 5 -hydroxy-L-ornithine residues, resulting in derivatives of N,N',N"-triacetylfusarinine.…”

Section: Metabolic Diversity In Aspergillus Pachycristatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Aspergillus pachycristatus by Untargeted UPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS and Genome Mining

Perlatti

Jiang

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Aspergillus pachycristatus is an industrially important fungus for the production of the antifungal echinocandin B and is closely related to model organism A. nidulans. Its secondary metabolism is largely unknown except for the production of echinocandin B and sterigmatocystin. We constructed mutants for three genes that regulate secondary metabolism in A. pachycristatus NRRL 11440, and evaluated the secondary metabolites produced by wild type and mutants strains. The secondary metabolism was explored by metabolic networking of UPLC-HRMS/MS data. The genes and metabolites of A. pachycristatus were compared to those of A. nidulans FGSC A4 as a reference to identify compounds and link them to their encoding genes. Major differences in chromatographic profiles were observable among the mutants. At least 28 molecules were identified in crude extracts that corresponded to nine characterized gene clusters. Moreover, metabolic networking revealed the presence of a yet unexplored array of secondary metabolites, including several undescribed fellutamides derivatives. Comparative reference to its sister species, A. nidulans, was an efficient way to dereplicate known compounds, whereas metabolic networking provided information that allowed prioritization of unknown compounds for further metabolic exploration. The mutation of global regulator genes proved to be a useful tool for expanding the expression of metabolic diversity in A. pachycristatus.

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Chemistry and Biology of Siderophores from Marine Microbes

Cited by 37 publications

References 91 publications

Iron Uptake Mechanisms in Marine Phytoplankton

Iron Uptake Mechanisms in Marine Phytoplankton

The Structural Diversity of Marine Microbial Secondary Metabolites Based on Co-Culture Strategy: 2009–2019

Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Aspergillus pachycristatus by Untargeted UPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS and Genome Mining

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