Chemistry and pharmacology of saponins: special focus on cytotoxic properties

Thakur, Mayank; Melzig, Matthias F.; Fuchs, Hendrik; Weng, Alexander

doi:10.2147/btat.s17261

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…These waste-derived plant phenolics could be used as antioxidants in food products, pharmaceuticals, for a more sustainable approach on the whole plant [48], [49]. Moreover, the management of cutaneous wounds can be further elicited by the associated antioxidant activity of some plant extracts [22], [50], [51]. Components of traditional medicinal plants, as flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins and essential oils, are known for their antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, collagen synthesis stimulation and cell proliferative activities, biological processes deeply involved in wound healing [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Wound Healing by Phytochemicals: Evidence for a Novel Synergic Outcome

et al. 2020

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Wound-healing is a dynamic skin reparative process that results in a sequence of events, including inflammation, proliferation, and migration of different cell types as fibroblasts. Fibroblasts play a crucial role in repairing processes, from the late inflammatory phase until the fully final epithelization of the injured tissue. Within this context, identifying tools able to implement cell proliferation and migration could improve tissue regeneration. Recently, plants species from all over the world are coming out as novel tools for therapeutic applications thanks to their phytochemicals, which have antioxidant properties and can promote wound healing. In this paper, we aimed at investigating antioxidant activity of waste extracts from different medicinal plants, endemic of the Mediterranean area, on fibroblast proliferation and wound healing. We determined the amount of total phenols and anti-oxidant activity by ABTS assay. We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of the compounds and the proliferative capabilities of fibroblasts by scratch assay. Our results showed that waste extracts retain antioxidant and regenerative properties, inducing tissue re-establishment after environmental stress exposure. Taken together, our findings suggest that waste material could be used in the future also in combinations to stimulate wound healing processes and antioxidant responses in damaged skin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Wound Healing by Phytochemicals: Evidence for a Novel Synergic Outcome

et al. 2020

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“…The presence of saponins in all the aqueous extracts is understandable since water has been reported to be one of the most common extraction solvents for saponins [38]. The cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic activities of the plant could also be associated with the presence of saponin [10,38,39]. The ethylacetate leaf extract contained flavonoids, tannins and glycosides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Phytochemical and Anti-microbial Studies of Leaf, Stem, Root of Spathodea companulata

Anarado

Umedum

et al. 2020

AJACR

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Aim: To compare the phytochemicals and anti bacterial activities of leaf, stem and root extracts of Spathodea companulata. Methodology: The leaf, stem and root of Spathodea companulata were collected, washed, air-dried, ground and each extracted with water, methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The extracts were analysed for the presence of phytochemicals. Antimicrobial analysis was also carried out on the extracts. Results: Glycosides were present in all the extracts except stem aqueous extract. Steroids were found absent in most of the extracts except methanol stem and n-hexane root extracts. Saponins were found in methanol, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of the root and stem, and in methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Alkaloids were present in methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaf and root, and in ethyl acetate and n- hexane extracts of the stem. Quantity of Alkaloids and tannins were higher in leaf, while flavonoids and glycosides were higher in the stem and the roots contained higher amount of saponins. The extraction solvent polarities played important role in the type of metabolites extracted. The stem extracts were found to be most active against the seven test organisms used. Conclusion: More work should be done on the isolation and identification of compounds responsible for some of the pharmacological effects of the plant parts and the subsequent development of the compounds in formulation of drugs.

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“…Methanogenic action of saponins occurs by protozoa defaunation which is associated to methanogens. Moreover, saponins enhance production of propionate, a natural competitor of methane in hydrogen capture [58]. Nevertheless, some studies affirm that methane inhibition action by saponins is dose and time dependent and not conclusive [59].…”

Section: Plant Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steroids are predominantly in plants and are composed of 27 carbon atoms in the central skeleton of its molecule (e.g., spirostanol and furostanol). Otherwise, triterpenoids are composed mainly of aglycones with 30 carbon atoms in its molecule (e.g., oleanane) [58]. These are the most common types of saponins, especially in legumes [59].…”

Section: Plant Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Mitigation in Livestock Production: Nonconventional Feedstuffs and Alternative Additives

Gerardo¹,

Herrera-Torres²,

Manuel³

et al. 2020

Livestock Health and Farming

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Livestock production has widely contributed to increase global production of greenhouse gases (GHG), mostly through digestive fermentation in ruminants. Moreover, emissions derived from livestock are estimated over 14% of the total anthropogenic GHG emissions to atmosphere. In addition, methane emitted from ruminal enteric fermentation is responsible for 25% of the total global methane emissions, which turns livestock activity into a main promoter of the climate change effect. However, these emissions may be diminished by modifying livestock diets through alterations in forage-concentrate ratios, the supplementation of feed additives, and the inclusion of alternative feedstuffs not commonly used as forage and protein sources in farm animal feeding. Additionally, the use of nonconventional feedstuffs is highly recommended since their production does not compete with human feeding and may provide metabolites used as methanogenesis suppressors. Likewise, agricultural by-products should be considered as potential feedstuffs for animal production by increasing the livestock efficiency and reducing the energy losses due to methane synthesis.

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Chemistry and pharmacology of saponins: special focus on cytotoxic properties

Cited by 36 publications

References 82 publications

Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Wound Healing by Phytochemicals: Evidence for a Novel Synergic Outcome

Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Wound Healing by Phytochemicals: Evidence for a Novel Synergic Outcome

Comparative Phytochemical and Anti-microbial Studies of Leaf, Stem, Root of Spathodea companulata

Climate Change Mitigation in Livestock Production: Nonconventional Feedstuffs and Alternative Additives

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