Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects

Mahmod, Asma Ismail; Kamal, Ayah; Al-ataby, Israa A.; Talib, Wamidh H.

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.924192

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 363 publications

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“…Many studies show that the Mediterranean diet reduces CRC incidence. Moreover, some studies also determined the reduction of tumor recurrence and protection from secondary tumors under specific diet patterns [ 129 ]. Otherwise, the association between CRC and the microbiome is widely known.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diet as a Modulator of Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Collado

Castillo

Mier

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in Western countries and remains the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Many studies show the importance of diet and lifestyle in the incidence of CRC, as well as in CRC prevention. However, this review summarizes those studies that analyze the impact of nutrition on tumor microenvironment modulation and cancer progression. We review the available information about the effects of specific nutrients on cancer cell progression and on the different cells within the tumor microenvironment. Diet and nutritional status in the clinical management of colorectal cancer patients are also analyzed. Finally, future perspectives and challenges are discussed, with a view to improving CRC treatments by employing nutritional approaches. These promise great benefits and will eventually improve CRC patients’ survival.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diet as a Modulator of Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Collado

Castillo

Mier

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…There is limited clinical data on the influence of very-low-calorie, ketogenic (VLCK) diets or vegetarian diets on cancer mortality, with some evidence of high adherence to a Mediterranean diet improving cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality [ 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 ]. Some cancers have decreased capacity to feed ketone bodies such as β -hydroxy butyrate and acetoacetate into the TCA cycle, as compared to normal tissues.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Prevention Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Western Diet-Induced Obesity and Obesity-Related Carcinogenesis—A Narrative Review

2023

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The present study aims to provide a narrative review of the molecular mechanisms of Western diet-induced obesity and obesity-related carcinogenesis. A literature search of the Cochrane Library, Embase and Pubmed databases, Google Scholar and the grey literature was conducted. Most of the molecular mechanisms that induce obesity are also involved in the twelve Hallmarks of Cancer, with the fundamental process being the consumption of a highly processed, energy-dense diet and the deposition of fat in white adipose tissue and the liver. The generation of crown-like structures, with macrophages surrounding senescent or necrotic adipocytes or hepatocytes, leads to a perpetual state of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperinsulinaemia, aromatase activity, activation of oncogenic pathways and loss of normal homeostasis. Metabolic reprogramming, epithelial mesenchymal transition, HIF-1α signalling, angiogenesis and loss of normal host immune-surveillance are particularly important. Obesity-associated carcinogenesis is closely related to metabolic syndrome, hypoxia, visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, oestrogen synthesis and detrimental cytokine, adipokine and exosomal miRNA release. This is particularly important in the pathogenesis of oestrogen-sensitive cancers, including breast, endometrial, ovarian and thyroid cancer, but also ‘non-hormonal’ obesity-associated cancers such as cardio-oesophageal, colorectal, renal, pancreatic, gallbladder and hepatocellular adenocarcinoma. Effective weight loss interventions may improve the future incidence of overall and obesity-associated cancer.

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“…The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern typical for the population living in the Mediterranean Basin. The MD is characterized by a high intake of plant foods (e.g., vegetables, fruits, and grains), a moderate intake of dairy products, fish, and eggs, and a low intake of red meat and sweets [ 129 ]. According to the study, a high adherence to the MD protects against colorectal cancer, especially distal colon cancer in men [ 130 ].…”

Section: Diet and Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer?

Rychter

Łykowska‐Szuber

Zawada

et al. 2023

JCM

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Obesity is a complex and multifactorial problem of global importance. Additionally, obesity causes chronic inflammation, upregulates cell growth, disturbs the immune system, and causes genomic instability, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and it has become a global problem. In 2018, there were around 1.8 million new cases and around 881,000 deaths worldwide. Another risk factor of colorectal cancer associated with obesity is poor diet. A Western diet, including a high intake of red and processed meat and a low consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fiber, may increase the risk of both colorectal cancer and obesity. Moreover, the Western diet is associated with a proinflammatory profile diet, which may also affect chronic low-grade inflammation. In fact, people with obesity often present gut dysbiosis, increased inflammation, and risk of colorectal cancer. In this article, the association between obesity and colorectal cancer is discussed, including the most important mechanisms, such as low-grade chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and poor diet.

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Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects

Cited by 20 publications

References 363 publications

The Diet as a Modulator of Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Patients

The Diet as a Modulator of Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Molecular Mechanisms of Western Diet-Induced Obesity and Obesity-Related Carcinogenesis—A Narrative Review

Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer?

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