Chemosensory event-related potentials in response to trigeminal and olfactory stimulation in idiopathic Parkinson's disease

Barz, S.; Hummel, Thomas; Pauli, E.; Majer, Matthias; Läng, Christoph; Kobal, Gerd

doi:10.1212/wnl.49.5.1424

Cited by 124 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The P1 response is thought to correlate with activity at the olfactory bulb and P3 with the olfactory cortex. The time to these intervals in PD has been shown to be clearly slowed without reduction in amplitude [4,29,30] . Limiting the use of OERPs is electroencephalography contamination by slow wave activity, patient compliance required by long (30-40 s) interstimulus intervals and the difficulty of interpreting a negative OERP in the setting of functional anosmia [31] .…”

Section: Assessing Smell Loss In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Kranick

Duda²

2007

Neurosignals

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Prior to the onset of the cardinal motor features of idiopathic Parkinson‘s disease (PD), other manifestations of neurodegeneration such as olfactory dysfunction are often apparent. Characterizing these potential biomarkers of preclinical PD is particularly important in identifying individuals who will go on to develop disabling symptoms, and thus be good candidates for new neuroprotective strategies. As shown by the Braak neuropathologic staging of PD, the olfactory system is among the first neuronal populations to display Lewy body pathology. Clinically, loss of smell can be easily tested in the office using several validated techniques and is often helpful to the physician in distinguishing idiopathic PD from other forms of parkinsonism. Recent findings have indicated that a decline in olfaction may be observed in selected at-risk patients, which has significant implications for identifying potential study populations. Ongoing studies of olfactory dysfunction may also reveal potential for use as a medication-independent biomarker of disease progression in addition to use as a biomarker for the diagnosis of PD.

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Section: Assessing Smell Loss In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Kranick

Duda²

2007

Neurosignals

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“…In patients with PD, electrophysiological studies have shown that olfactory event-related potentials have prolonged latencies when compared to controls, whereas amplitudes are of a similar magnitude [Barz et al, 1997;Hawkes et al, 1997]. MEG studies of olfactory information processing have so far not been performed in patients with PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced time‐series analysis of MEG data as a method to explore olfactory function in healthy controls and Parkinson's disease patients

Boesveldt

Stam

Knol

et al. 2009

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Of the sensory impairments associated with PD, olfactory impairment has received most attention. PD patients exhibit impairments in odor detection, identification, and discrimination (2-6) and a reduced olfactory evoked response (7,8). This occurs so consistently that the olfactory impairment may have diagnostic value for PD (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An impairment in sniffing contributes to the olfactory impairment in Parkinson's disease

Sobel

Thomason

Stappen

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

124

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Although the presence of an olfactory impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been recognized for 25 years, its cause remains unclear. Here we suggest a contributing factor to this impairment, namely, that PD impairs active sniffing of odorants. We tested 10 men and 10 women with clinically typical PD, and 20 age-and gender-matched healthy controls, in four olfactory tasks: (i) the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test; (ii and iii) detection threshold tests for the odorants vanillin and propionic acid; and (iv) a two-alternative forced-choice detection paradigm during which sniff parameters (airflow peak rate, mean rate, volume, and duration) were recorded with a pneomatotachograph-coupled spirometer. An additional experiment tested the effect of intentionally increasing sniff vigor on olfactory performance in 20 additional patients. PD patients were significantly impaired in olfactory identification (P < 0.0001) and detection (P < 0.007). As predicted, PD patients were also significantly impaired at sniffing, demonstrating significantly reduced sniff airflow rate (P < 0.01) and volume (P < 0.002). Furthermore, a patient's ability to sniff predicted his or her performance on olfactory tasks, i.e., the more poorly patients sniffed, the worse their performance on olfaction tests (P < 0.009). Finally, increasing sniff vigor improved olfactory performance in those patients whose baseline performance had been poorest (P < 0.05). These findings implicate a sniffing impairment as a component of the olfactory impairment in PD and further depict sniffing as an important component of human olfaction.

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Chemosensory event-related potentials in response to trigeminal and olfactory stimulation in idiopathic Parkinson's disease

Cited by 124 publications

References 15 publications

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Advanced time‐series analysis of MEG data as a method to explore olfactory function in healthy controls and Parkinson's disease patients

An impairment in sniffing contributes to the olfactory impairment in Parkinson's disease

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