Chemotaxonomy in Relation to Molecular Phylogeny of Plants

Wink, Michaël; Waterman, Peter G.

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0017

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The evolutionary and ecological history of plants determines allelochemistry and secondary metabolites, which can be used for assessing taxonomic relationships ("chemotaxonomy"; Wink 2003). Although chemical and consequently pharmacological convergence exist, e.g., nicotine, polyacetylenes, purine alkaloids (Dewick 2002;Wink 2003), it is well accepted in plant sciences that phylogenetically distant taxa and those which evolved under different ecological constraints reflect evolutionary history through disparate chemical profiles and, consequently, through different pharmacological properties (Wink and Waterman 1998;Wink 2003). In fact, the concept of chemotaxonomy (chemosystematics) has a long history (De Candolle 1804;Hegnauer 1962Hegnauer -1996 and can inversely be used as a tool in the search for alternative drug sources in closely related taxa (Ge et al 2008;Pellicer et al 2018).…”

Section: Chemical and Pharmacological Perspectives On Versatility Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Theories and Major Hypotheses in Ethnobotany: Their Relevance for Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy in the Context of Historical Data

Leonti

Casu

Martins

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cross-cultural exchange of plant resources between societies across the globe added to the diversification of medicinal floras and pharmacopeias. Understanding how and why people select plants for medicine is still a common focus and topic addressed by the interdisciplinary research fields of ethnobotany, anthropology, ethnopharmacology, ethnomedicine, pharmacy, phytochemistry, and pharmacognosy. Here, we scrutinize recently reviewed ethnobotanical theories and hypotheses, which focus on the selection of plants as medicine by putting them into historical, ecological, and pharmacological perspective. We contextualize the availability, versatility, and diversification hypotheses, often presented in association with the inclusion of non-native species or imported herbal drugs into medicinal floras or ethnopharmacopeias. We also discuss the relevance of the concept of utilitarian redundancy and the apparency hypothesis, as well as the appropriateness of various statistical models applied for assessing non-random plant selection. It appears that the concept of utilitarian redundancy has been applied in a too reductionist and uncritical way, while the apparency theory is conceptually inconsistent and contradictive allowing for multiple interpretations. While the availability, versatility, and diversification hypotheses are not contextualized historically, they are used to explain retrospectively deliberate and well-documented human activities and cultural developments. Therefore, considering the cultural history and the pharmacology of plants is essential for the formulation of hypotheses related to the selection of plants as medicine and food. Ecological research questions applied to human-plant relationships should consider the historical impact of human culture as a framework and confounder to be integrated into the analysis.

show abstract

Section: Chemical and Pharmacological Perspectives On Versatility Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Theories and Major Hypotheses in Ethnobotany: Their Relevance for Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy in the Context of Historical Data

Leonti

Casu

Martins

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Insects were suppressed either by other insects or toxins or by plant defence mechanisms in order to create a balance between the insect pest population and host. Each plant species has a unique set of defence traits ranging from morphological to phytochemical parameters that have behavioural and physiological ramifications for a potential herbivore consumer [181,182]. Therefore, the resistance mechanisms evolved by insects to deal with the chemical defences of plants are similar to those mechanisms that have evolved to resist synthetic insecticides.…”

Section: Host Allelochemicals Induction Of Detoxifying Enzymes and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Insecticide Resistance in Tea Pests

Saha¹

2016

Insecticides Resistance

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyphagous insect herbivores encounter numerous toxins (xenobiotics) as they pass through their life cycle; some toxins are produced naturally by the host plants (allelochemicals) and others by humans (insecticides) to manage these insects having pest status. The host plants have evolved defensive mechanisms for protection from herbivory, including chemical repellents and toxins (secondary metabolites). Many classes of insect repellents and toxic substances, such as isoflavonoids, furanocoumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and cyanogenic glycosides are synthesized in plants. The biosynthetic pathways leading to these allelochemicals are continually evolving to generate new secondary metabolites. Similarly, to control the herbivorous insect pests, numerous chemicals of synthetic origin are used continuously against them. In response, the attacking organisms also evolve mechanisms that enable them to resist the defensive chemicals of their hosts and those toxins of synthetic origin applied for their control. A variety of defence mechanisms, including enzymatic detoxification systems, physiological tolerance and behavioural avoidance, protect insect herbivores from these xenobiotic compounds. Insect pests have evolved the mechanisms to degrade metabolically (enzymatically) or otherwise circumvent the toxic effect of many types of chemicals that we have synthesized as modern insecticides. The extent to which insects can metabolize and thereby degrade these antibiotics or toxins is of considerable importance for their survival in hostile chemical environment. These mechanisms continue to evolve as insects attempt to colonize new plant species or encounter newer molecules of synthetic insecticides. Generally, three main enzymes, general esterases (GEs), glutathione Stransferases (GSTs) and cytochrome P450-mediated monooxygenases (CYPs), are involved in the process of metabolic detoxification of insecticides. During the past 70 years, following the discovery and extensive use of synthetic insecticides, resistance of insects to insecticides has registered the greatest increase and strongest impact. The evolution of resistance to insecticides is an example of evolutionary process. An insecticide is the selection pressure, which results in a very strong but differential fitness of the individual in a population having susceptible and resistant genotypes. The survival and subsequent reproduction of resistant individuals lead to a change in the frequency of alleles conferring resistance in the population over

show abstract

“…Then, chemotaxonomy is the attempt to classify and identify organisms based on differences and similarities in their biochemical compositions (ERDTMAN 1963;WINK and WATERMAN 1999). Chemotaxonomy accompanied the technical advances in phytochemical analysis from paper chromatography (PC), throughout thin layer chromatography (TLC), highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to finally rely on the isolation and structure elucidation (principally by NMR and MS spectrometry) of plant constituents (WINK and WATERMAN 1999;WINK et al 2010).…”

Section: Metabolomics For Chemotaxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudos metabolômicos da subfamília Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae)

Ccana-Ccapatinta¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolomics is emerging as an effective approach for the comprehensive evaluation of medicinal plants, classification of raw material, as well as chemotaxonomic studies. This work demonstrates the applicability of metabolomics, using the subfamily Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae) as a study model, for quality assessment and classification purposes of medicinal species (Chuquiraga genus) and a chemotaxonomy study of six Barnadesioideae genera (Arnaldoa, Barnadesia, Chuquiraga, Dasyphyllum, Fulcaldea and Schlechtendalia). First, the LC-MS metabolic profiles of Barnadesioideae demonstrated that this subfamily constitutes a chemically underinvestigated taxa with a complex diversity of phenolic compounds, phenylpropanoid derivatives, alkyl glycosides, and triterpenoid glycosides. The intergeneric relationships within Barnadesioideae genera, based on the comparison of their LC-MS metabolic profiles by exploratory and supervised analyses, displayed similarities to those of the intergeneric relationships obtained by the most recent phylogenetic study based on morphological and molecular markers. Second, the LC-MS metabolic profiles of three Chuquiraga species (C. jussieui, C. spinosa and C. weberbaueri) lead to the identification of a significant variety of phenolic compounds, phenylpropanoid derivatives, alkyl glycosides, and triterpenoid glycosides, as well as the establishment of prediction models for geographical origin and species classification, as well as the identification of discriminating metabolites by exploratory and supervised multivariate statistical analysis. Third, a classical approach was carried out by acquiring HPLC chromatographic profiles of three Chuquiraga species (C. jussieui, C. spinosa and C. weberbaueri) for profiling phenolic compounds and comparison by exploratory and supervised multivariate statistical analysis. Therefore, our results support metabolomics as a valuable tool in the quality control and classification of medicinal plants as well as in chemotaxonomy studies.

show abstract

Chemotaxonomy in Relation to Molecular Phylogeny of Plants

Cited by 13 publications

References 60 publications

Ecological Theories and Major Hypotheses in Ethnobotany: Their Relevance for Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy in the Context of Historical Data

Ecological Theories and Major Hypotheses in Ethnobotany: Their Relevance for Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy in the Context of Historical Data

Biochemical Insecticide Resistance in Tea Pests

Estudos metabolômicos da subfamília Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About