Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Spradbrow, P. B.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1963.tb01463.x

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, little use has been made of the more recently developed antibiotics, such as second-or third-generation cephalosporins. This study and those of other investigators (18,21,22) have shown that penicillin G exhibits weak bactericidal activity, even though its MIC is low. It has also been shown that penicillin G is incapable of destroying organisms in the kidneys of animals experimentally infected with leptospires (5, 10).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

In vitro susceptibilities of five Leptospira strains to 16 antimicrobial agents

Oie¹,

Hironaga²,

Koshiro³

et al. 1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro activities of 16 antibiotics against five serovar strains of the genus Leptospira were determined. Five of the antibiotics (ampicillin, cefmetazole, moxalactam, ceftizoxime, and cefotaxime) exhibited a lower minimal inhibitory concentration than did penicillin G. In tests for minimal bactericidal concentration, ceftizoxime and cefotaxime were found to be more effective than penicillin G, streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, and cefmetazole.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

In vitro susceptibilities of five Leptospira strains to 16 antimicrobial agents

Oie¹,

Hironaga²,

Koshiro³

et al. 1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Antibiotic activity in vitro may not be closely correlated with activity in vivo. In Table 6, the antibiotics are arranged in order of effectiveness in vitro against a recently isolated strain of L. zanoni (present study), and against acute leptospirosis in mice produced by another strain of L. zanoni (Spradbrow, 1963). Not only are the magnitudes of the differences between antibiotics reduced, but the antibiotics are arranged in different orders in the two groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to Drugs of Australian Leptospiral Serotypes

Spradbrow

1963

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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The in vitro susceptibilities to antibiotics of stock strains of various Australian leptospiral serotypes were established. Leptospira pomona was highly susceptible to penicillin and erythromycin, susceptible to streptomycin and tetracyclines, but resistant to chloramphenicol and novobiocin. In general, the twelve serotypes tested were susceptible to streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline, but L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. canicola and L. zanoni were more resistant than the other serotypes, especially to penicillin. A newly isolated strain of L. zanoni was more sensitive to penicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline than was the stock strain. Against L. australis high concentrations both of penicillin and of streptomycin-were bactericidal. In lower concentrations penicillin was bacteriostatic. In high concentrations penicillin caused lysis of leptospirae, but streptomycin and the tetracyclines did not. These results do not agree well with those on the chemotherapy of experimental infections.Information is lacking on the susceptibility in vitro to drugs of many of the serotypes of leptospirae occurring in Australia. Previous studies on susceptibility in vitro and on chemotherapy in laboratory animals were concerned mainly with Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola. These serotypes are important in other countries because of their high incidence and the clinical severity of the disease they cause in man and animals. The relatively high pathogenicity of L. icterohaemorrhagiae for guinea-pigs may also have influenced the choice of this serotype for studies of chemotherapy in vivo.Thirteen leptospiral serotypes are known to cause human infection in Australia. Infections both with L. icterohaemorrhagiae and with L. canicola occur, but numerically they are not important. L. australis (L. australis A) and L. zanoni (L. australis B) are the serotypes responsible for the majority of cases of human infection (Derrick, 1957

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“…Among the tested antimicrobials, penicillins, doxycycline, and broad-spectrum cephalosporins are widely used for the treatment of leptospirosis (2,17,25). The other drugs were also found to be effective against Leptospira isolates in several in vitro (6,8,11,12,15,18,19) and in vivo (3,5,17,20,21,22) studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

In Vitro Sensitivity and Resistance of 46 Leptospira Strains Isolated from Rats in the Philippines to 14 Antimicrobial Agents

Chakraborty

Miyahara

Villanueva

et al. 2010

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro susceptibilities of 46 Leptospira isolates from rats to 14 antimicrobial agents were tested. All of the strains were found to be sensitive to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, and streptomycin. In contrast, the tested isolates showed resistance to amphotericin B, 5-fluorouracil, fosfomycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, neomycin, and vancomycin. These findings will help in selecting effective and ineffective antimicrobials for treatment of leptospirosis and for the development of new selective media, respectively.

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Chemotherapy of Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Mice

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

In vitro susceptibilities of five Leptospira strains to 16 antimicrobial agents

In vitro susceptibilities of five Leptospira strains to 16 antimicrobial agents

Sensitivity to Drugs of Australian Leptospiral Serotypes

In Vitro Sensitivity and Resistance of 46 Leptospira Strains Isolated from Rats in the Philippines to 14 Antimicrobial Agents

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