ChemSkin Reference Chemical Database for the Development of an In Vitro Skin Irritation Test

Abstract

Since the animal test ban on cosmetics in the EU in 2013, alternative in vitro safety tests have been actively researched to replace in vivo animal tests. For the development and evaluation of a new test method, reference chemicals with quality in vivo data are essential to assess the predictive capacity and applicability domain. Here, we compiled a reference chemical database (ChemSkin DB) for the development and evaluation of new in vitro skin irritation tests. The first candidates were selected from 317 chemicals (source data n = 1567) searched from the literature from the last 20 years, including previous validation study reports, ECETOC, and published papers. Chemicals showing inconsistent classification or those that were commercially unavailable, difficult or dangerous to handle, prohibitively expensive, or without quality in vivo or in vitro data were removed, leaving a total of 100 chemicals. Supporting references, in vivo Draize scores, UN GHS/EU CLP classifications and commercial sources were compiled. Test results produced by the approved methods of OECD Test No. 439 were included and compared using the classification table, scatter plot, and Pearson correlation analysis to identify the false predictions and differences between in vitro skin irritation tests. These results may provide an insight into the future development of new in vitro skin irritation tests.

Nanophytosomal Gel of Heydotis corymbosa (L.) Extract against Psoriasis: Characterisation, In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Activity

“…The primary irritation index (PII) was calculated by adding the scores for erythema and edema. The substances that produce scores of two or less are classified as nonskin irritants [ 35 ]. As the score was found to be less than two, the findings on cutaneous irritation confirm that the formulation is not irritating.…”

“…A comparative examination was carried out on rat shaved dorsal skin to test the irritating potential of the HC-NPsPO, with a standard irritant as a positive control (Formalin solution, 0.8% v / v ) and no treatment as a negative control. After 24 h, animals were routinely evaluated for symptoms of erythema and edema, and severity ratings ranging from 0 to 4 were assigned [ 35 ].…”

HET-CAM test in evaluation of irritating action of adhesives used in shoe making industry

“…The study of the irritating effect of shoe adhesives by the HET-CAM method expands the spectrum of research of industrial compounds in in vitro toxicology. Researchers [20,21] noted the excellent sensitivity of HET-CAM test for insoluble and slightly soluble compounds, shoe adhesives among them.…”

Lipsticks History, Formulations, and Production: A Narrative Review

“…For any skin irritation on the treated area, the test group of mice was compared with the control group [1]. It is worth mentioning that cosmetic testing on animals is not recommended [141] and that it is banned in some countries [142]; alternative appropriate and effective methods to examine skin irritation are already available to replace animal testing [143].…”