Chenopodium rubrum as a model plant for testing the flowering effects of PGRs

Ullmann, J.; Seidlová, Frideta; Krekule, J.; Pavlová, Libuše

doi:10.1007/bf02879878

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Flowering can be induced by a single 12-h dark period in plants as young as 4-5 days, shortly after the opening of cotyledons. However, this permissive developmental period is followed by a period of reduced photoperiodic sensitivity during which two to three 12-h nights are required for full flower induction (Seidlová and Krekule 1973;Ullmann et al 1985). The response to a single period of 12-h darkness is restored in plants older than about 14 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although the genus Chenopodium, especially the tetraploid species Chenopodium rubrum (short-day ecotype 374), has been used extensively in studies of flowering (Cumming et al 1965;Cumming 1967;Cumming and Seabrook 1985;Ullmann et al 1985), a very little is known about the molecular background of floral regulatory pathways in this species. Recently, a partial sequence of CrFL, a FLORICAULA/LEAFY ortholog was found in C. rubrum by Veit et al (2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs in Chenopodium rubrum differ in expression patterns

Cháb

Kolář

Olson

et al. 2008

Planta

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FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) like genes are crucial regulators (both positive and negative) of flowering in angiosperms. We identified two FT homologs in Chenopodium rubrum, a short-day species used as a model plant for the studies of photoperiodic flower induction. We found that CrFTL1 gene was highly inducible by a 12-h dark period, which in turn induced flowering. On the other hand, photoperiodic treatments that did not induce flowering (short dark periods, or a permissive darkness interrupted by a night break) caused only a slight increase in CrFTL1 mRNA level. We demonstrated diurnal oscillation of CrFTL1 expression with peaks in the middle of a light period. The oscillation persisted under constant darkness. Unlike FT homologs in rice and Pharbitis, the CrFTL1 expression under constant darkness was very low. The CrFTL2 gene showed constitutive expression. We suggest that the CrFTL1 gene may play a role as a floral regulator, but the function of CrFTL2 remains unknown.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs in Chenopodium rubrum differ in expression patterns

Cháb

Kolář

Olson

et al. 2008

Planta

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“…374 were germinated under alternating light and temperature regimes (12 h of light at 30°C, 12 h of darkness at 10°C, and 20 h of light at 30°C) and cultivated under CL at 20°C until the experiments (Ullmann et al, 1985). A11 experiments were started at the same circadian time.…”

Section: Ethylene Measurements In a Flow-through Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A11 experiments were started at the same circadian time. Nylon nets supporting 5-to 6-d-old plants were transferred onto a layer of small glass beads in glass vessels (free volume approximately 250 mL, total volume 500 mL) containing one-half-strength Knop's nutrient solution (Ullmann et al, 1985). These vessels were tightly closed and coupled into a flow-through system designed and described by de Greef et al (1976) and de Greef and de Proft (1978).…”

Section: Ethylene Measurements In a Flow-through Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Fluctuations in Ethylene Formation in Chenopodium rubrum

et al. 1997

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Ethylene formation was studied in 5- to 6-d-old Chenopodium rubrum seedlings under the following light regimes: continuous light (CL), continuous darkness (CD), and alternating light/darkness (12 h of each). No significant regular oscillations in ethylene formation were found in either the CL or CD groups. In the light/dark regime, pronounced diurnal fluctuations in ethylene formation were observed. Activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase was transiently increased on transfer from light to dark and vice versa. In CL, ACC oxidase activity did not change significantly, whereas in CD, it decreased continuously after the initial increase. The in vivo levels of ACC and N-malonyl-ACC (MACC) were constant for the first few hours of darkness, then decreased dramatically, but increased again in the light. In constant darkness, the level of ACC displayed endogenous rhythm, with minimum values at h 12 and 44, and a maximum value at h 32 to 36. The level of MACC in both shoots and roots decreased in the CD group until h 12, and then remained constant until h 30 before decreasing continuously. We conclude that the photoperiodic regime affects both ACC and MACC levels, as well as the conversion of ACC to ethylene. Correlation of the described changes in ethylene formation to photoperiodic flower induction is discussed.

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“…The experiments were performed using the short day plant C. rubrum L., ecotype 374, which can be induced to flower by 1 short day (Ullmann et al 1985). The seeds were sterilized with 0.1% HgCl 2 for 15 min and washed thoroughly in distilled water.…”

Section: Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Root Effect on Flowering of Chenopodium rubrum Mediated by Cytokinins?

Vondráková

Krekule

Macháčková

1998

J Plant Growth Regul

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Root removal enhances flowering in the short day plant Chenopodium rubrum. The extent of this effect depends on the de-rooting time with respect to photoperiodic induction. The largest promotive effect is observed when de-rooting coincides with the start of the inductive treatment or, to a lesser extent, when performed before it. De-rooting 24 h after induction has no effect on flowering. The flower-inducing action of de-rooting 24 h before the start of induction is increased by benzylaminopurine (BAP), whether applied simultaneously with de-rooting or 24 h later. At the beginning of darkness, BAP inhibits flowering slightly when applied simultaneously with derooting but inhibits it strongly when applied 24 h later. Flowering in plants de-rooted 24 h after induction is inhibited strongly by BAP. Root removal at the beginning of inductive darkness does not change the level of endogenous cytokinins in induced shoot explants, but under continuous light the level of cytokinins in shoot explants decreases during the same period compared with the level in the shoots of intact plants. BAP does not affect the level of endogenous cytokinins in light but causes an apparent increase in induced segments. Thus, two phases of the de-rooting effect and cytokinin treatment may be distinguished: one in which flowering is enhanced by both treatments and which is linked directly to photoperiodic flower induction, and the other in which both treatments are inhibitory to flowering and which is related to morphogenetic events following induction. The time courses of the effectiveness of de-rooting and BAP treatment differ slightly, suggesting that the effect of de-rooting cannot be attributed solely to cytokinin deprivation.

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Chenopodium rubrum as a model plant for testing the flowering effects of PGRs

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs in Chenopodium rubrum differ in expression patterns

Two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs in Chenopodium rubrum differ in expression patterns

Diurnal Fluctuations in Ethylene Formation in Chenopodium rubrum

Is the Root Effect on Flowering of Chenopodium rubrum Mediated by Cytokinins?

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