Chestnut Wood Mud as a Source of Ellagic Acid for Dermo-Cosmetic Applications

Abstract

Ellagic acid (EA) has long been recognized as a very active antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agent. However, its low bioavailability has often hampered its applications in health-related fields. Here, we report a phospholipid vesicle-based controlled release system for EA, involving the exploitation of chestnut wood mud (CWM), an industrial by-product from chestnut tannin production, as a largely available and low-cost source of this compound. Two kinds of CWM with different particle size distributions, indicated as CWM-A and CWM-B (<100 and 32 µm, respectively), containing 5 ± 1% w/w EA, were incorporated into transfersomes. The latter were small in size (~100 nm), homogeneously dispersed, and negatively charged. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays indicated up to three-fold improvement in the antioxidant properties of CWM upon incorporation into transfersomes. The kinetics of EA released under simulated physiological conditions were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. The best results were obtained with CWM-B (100% of EA gradually released after 37 days at pH 7.4). A stepwise increase in the antioxidant properties of the released material was also observed. Cell-based experiments confirmed the efficacy of CWM-B transfersomes as antioxidant agents in contrasting photodamage.

Dual functionality of ferrocene-based metallopolymers as radical scavengers and nanoparticle stabilizing agents

“…35 This test is widely used to assess the antioxidant potential of materials including nanozymes. [49][50][51] The DPPH levels after 10 minutes of the reaction at different scavenger concentrations are shown in Fig. 5.…”

The Most Potent Natural Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, and Food Ingredients Isolated from Plants with Deep Eutectic Solvents

“…Phenolics such as chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and rosmarinic acid are secondary metabolites in plants . Because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, they can be used as active ingredients in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. − Table presents the newest findings in the bioactivities and possible future applications of the chosen phenolic compounds extracted from plants. − Based on the information presented in Table , it is clear that current research focuses mostly on the medical application of phenolics in anticancer preparations. It is worth mentioning that phenolics have shown activities in the treatment of other civilization and neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Molecular Antioxidants Maintain Synergistic Radical Scavenging Activity upon Co-Immobilization on Clay Nanoplatelets

“…In addition to biomedical uses, − there has been a great interest in the application of natural antioxidants in various industrial fields. It is a constant goal to find a solution to extend the shelf life of food products using antioxidants as preservatives or by designing food packaging materials of ROS scavenging activity. − Antioxidants are also important ingredients of the modern cosmetic products, in which they are applied as anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial agents. , Furthermore, they are useful as polymer additives to prevent degradation or to endow the polymer matrix with antioxidant features. , …”

“…10−13 Antioxidants are also important ingredients of the modern cosmetic products, in which they are applied as anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial agents. 14,15 Furthermore, they are useful as polymer additives to prevent degradation 16 or to endow the polymer matrix with antioxidant features. 17,18 The mechanism of molecular antioxidants is well studied, they can exert their effect in several ways such as hydrogen atom transfer, proton-coupled electron transfer or single electron transfer.…”