Chick-Embryo-Cell Inactivated Rabies Vaccine for Veterinary Use. Laboratory and Field Experience

Barth, R; Gruschkau, H; O, Jaeger

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70060-6_32

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Similar patterns of data had been observed by research groups in other countries as well [ 33 – 35 ]. However, Barth et al, indicates by analyzing many experimental results that dogs have a very high probability of survival after a later rabies infection, even if serum does not contain detectable anti-rabies antibodies irrespective of the period of time elapsed since the vaccination [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sero-prevalence of virus neutralizing antibodies for rabies in different groups of dogs following vaccination

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMass vaccination of dogs is considered fundamental for national rabies control programmes in Sri Lanka, as dog is the main reservoir and transmitter of the disease.MethodsDogs were followed to determine the sero-prevalence of antibodies to the rabies virus. Altogether 510 previously vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs with owners (domestic dogs) and dogs without owners (stray dogs) of the local guard dog breed in different age groups recruited from Kalutara District, Sri Lanka. The dogs were vaccinated with a monovalent inactivated vaccine intramuscularly and serum antibody titres on days 0, 30, 180 and 360 were determined by the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT).ResultsThe results indicated, a single dose of anti-rabies vaccination fails to generate a protective level of immunity (0.5 IU/ml) which lasts until 1 year in 40.42% of dogs without owners and 57.14% of previously unvaccinated juvenile (age: 3 months to 1 year) dogs with owners. More than one vaccination would help to maintain antibody titres above the protective level in the majority of dogs. The pattern of antibody titre development in annually vaccinated and irregularly vaccinated (not annual) adult dogs with owners is closely similar irrespective of regularity in vaccination. Previously vaccinated animals have higher (2 IU/ml) antibody titres to begin with and have a higher antibody titre on day 360 too. They show a very good antibody titre by day 180. Unvaccinated animals start with low antibody titre and return to low titres by day 360, but have a satisfactory antibody titre by day 180.ConclusionsA single dose of anti-rabies vaccination is not sufficient for the maintenance of antibody titres for a period of 1 year in puppies, juvenile dogs with owners and in dogs without owners. Maternal antibodies do not provide adequate protection to puppies of previously vaccinated dams and puppies of previously unvaccinated dams. Immunity development after vaccination seems to be closely similar in both the groups of puppies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A monovalent chemically inactivated vaccine (Nobivac® Rabies) recommended by the WHO for rabies control programmes was used to vaccinate all groups of dogs [ 7 , 18 ]. This imported vaccine contained >1.0 IU antigenic content per 1 ml dose and the virus was grown on the Baby Hamster Kidney-21 (BHK-21) connective tissue cell line.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence of virus neutralizing antibodies for rabies in different groups of dogs following vaccination

et al. 2017

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“…This early peak is consistent with results obtained in other studies on experimental dogs (Minke, personnel observation, Kallel et al 2006). Peak antibody response in pets is classically reported in the literature between 3 and 6 weeks after vaccination (Sugiyama et al 1997, National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians 2007, Barth et al 1985, but laboratory dogs are known to respond better to vaccination than pet dogs (Aubert, 1992). An in-depth review of many experimental studies (Aubert, 1993) has shown a strong correlation between the development of rabies antibodies after vaccination and protection against rabies infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of antibody responses after vaccination with two inactivated rabies vaccines

Minke

Bouvet

Cliquet

et al. 2009

Veterinary Microbiology

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1

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“…This is becoming a standard technique for removing allergenic materials from vaccine preparations. Highly purified and concentrated forms of the standard duck embryo vaccine (DEV) also were being developed [24]. These appear to be more immunogenic and less allergenic than their predecessors, allowing a reduced vaccination schedule.…”

Section: Prospects For Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last mentioned category of rabies vaccines are currently produced and used in most developed countries, while the live attenuated dog and cat anti-rabies vaccines are still in use in Nigeria. However, [24] reported a finding that strongly suggests that attenuation of Flury virus results from the harmonic co-evolution of G and L elements could be important information for the generation of safer and more effective modified live rabies vaccines. For example, the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute manufactured a safe Vero cell culture based rabies vaccine "ETHIORAB" [27] which is safe and showed rabies neutralizing antibody titre higher than the 0.5 IU/ml mandated WHO threshold [28].…”

Section: Prospects For Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Prospects of Anti-Rabies Vaccines Production in Nigeria

Nwosu¹

2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

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Rabies is one of the oldest known viral zoonosis and remains a serious public health hazard, especially in the developing countries. It is the major viral disease in humans living in the tropics, but it is enzootic worldwide. Though its hundred percent preventable, it is estimated to cause 55,000 deaths annually, at a minimum, because appropriate therapy and preventive measures are not available in most developing countries. Exposure to rabid dogs is responsible for about 90% of reported cases of human rabies in the world each year. Effective control, prevention and eradication of rabies in man and animal can only be realized by immunization. Despite concerted efforts to develop and produce anti-rabies vaccines for protection of man and animal against rabies since 1919 in Nigeria, successful achievement of effective control and prevention of the disease through vaccination is greatly hampered by poor or lack of modern technology and facilities required for development and production of safe and effective vaccines. High cost of development and production, poor electric power supply, poor policy implementation by governments, poverty and gross lack of awareness are other major constraints encountered in rabies vaccinology in developing counties including Nigeria. Recent advances in tissue culture technologies, genetic engineering and peptide chemistry have made it possible to design and produce large quantities of pure antigens. This is a far reaching prospects for the development and production of life-saving vaccines for humans and animals. This approach aims at development and production of safe, effective, potent, and inexpensive anti-rabies vaccines with longer shelf life, greater quantity in terms of volume of vaccines produced and short immunization schedule than the trial and error approach by which vaccines were developed, produced and used in the past.

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Chick-Embryo-Cell Inactivated Rabies Vaccine for Veterinary Use. Laboratory and Field Experience

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Sero-prevalence of virus neutralizing antibodies for rabies in different groups of dogs following vaccination

Sero-prevalence of virus neutralizing antibodies for rabies in different groups of dogs following vaccination

Comparison of antibody responses after vaccination with two inactivated rabies vaccines

Challenges and Prospects of Anti-Rabies Vaccines Production in Nigeria

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