Chickenpox pneumonia: case report and literature review.

Née, Patrick; Edrich, P J

doi:10.1136/emj.16.2.147

Cited by 13 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…6,7 As for VZV pneumonia, antiviral therapy including intravenous acyclovir 10-15 mg/kg every 8 hourly for 7-10 days was initiated in 66 out of 120 patients. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Two patients were treated with vidarabine before the widespread use of acyclovir. 27,38 Corticosteroids were combined with acyclovir in 17 patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical treatment of viral pneumonia including SARS in immunocompetent adult

Cheng

Tang

et al. 2004

Journal of Infection

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Since no randomized controlled trials have been conducted on the treatment of viral pneumonia by antivirals or immunomodulators in immunocompetent adults, a review of such anecdotal experience are needed for the more rational use of such agents. Case reports (single or case series) with details on their treatment and outcome in the English literature can be reviewed for pneumonia caused by human or avian influenza A virus (50 patients), varicella zoster virus (120), adenovirus (29), hantavirus (100) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (841). Even with steroid therapy alone, the mortality rate appeared to be lower when compared with conservative treatment for pneumonia caused by human influenza virus (12.5% vs. 42.1%) and hantavirus (13.3% vs. 63.4%). Combination of an effective antiviral, acyclovir, with steroid in the treatment of varicella zoster virus may be associated with a lower mortality than acyclovir alone (0% vs. 10.3%). Combination of interferon alfacon-1 plus steroid, or lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin plus steroid were associated with a better outcome than ribavirin plus steroid (0% vs. 2.3% vs. 7.7%, respectively). Combination of lopinavir/ritonavir plus ribavirin significantly reduced the virus load of SARS-CoV in nasopharyngeal, serum, stool and urine specimens taken between day 10 and 15 after symptom onset when compared with the historical control group treated with ribavirin. It appears that the combination of an effective antiviral and steroid was associated with a better outcome. Randomized therapeutic trial should be conducted to ascertain the relative usefulness of antiviral alone or in combination with steroid.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical treatment of viral pneumonia including SARS in immunocompetent adult

Cheng

Tang

et al. 2004

Journal of Infection

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“…Suggested dosage is 10-15mg/kg 3 times daily for 7 days. Some authors reported good response to corticosteriods, while others considere them contraindicated in pregnancy (6) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella Pneumonia in a 39-year-old Female in Third Trimester Twin Pregnancy

Baljić¹,

Hadzovic²,

Mehanic³

et al. 2012

Mater Sociomed

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SUMMARYIntroduction: Chickenpox is disease caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), with possibly devastated consequences during pregnancy, for mother and neonate. Pneumonia is most common complication in pregnancy with very high mortality. Case report: A 39-year-old female in third trimester twin pregnancy, referred to Clinic for infectious diseases in Sarajevo, with five days history of illness. Before the admission her condition get worse, with fatigue, exhaustion, and shortness of breath. In a first three days patient was febrile, tachydispnoic and ortopnoic. We started therapy with acyclovir and antibiotic. After four days we had detoriation in patient's condition. Chest X-ray revealed infiltrative shadows in basal parts of lung.Antimicrobial therapy was changed and corticosteroids were associated. Significant improvement was noticed after five days of therapy. Conclusion:Varicella pneumonia during third trimester may have serious consequences for mother and child, with possible fatal outcome.

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“…10 Fine crackles are typically found on respiratory examination, especially in the lower lung fields. 12 However, the respiratory examination can be normal, and the absence of signs does not indicate low risk disease. 13 In the acute setting, chest radiography typically shows nodular or interstitial pneumonitis, often with apical sparing.…”

Section: Long Answermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The chest radiograph should also be inspected for consolidation (which may reflect bacterial infection or a congregation of varicella related nodules), pleural effusions, and hilar adenopathy, all of which can be features of varicella pneumonitis. 12 The differential diagnosis of widespread small nodules on chest radiography includes miliary tuberculosis, neoplastic metastases, sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and fungal infection. The differential diagnosis of a vesicular rash includes drug related eruptions, contact dermatitis, erythema multiforme, enteroviral infections (hand, foot, and mouth disease; with characteristic peripheral distributions of white-grey flat vesicles), impetigo, disseminated molluscum contagiosum, scabies, and pityriasis rosea.…”

Section: Long Answermentioning

confidence: 99%