Chikungunya Fever in Los Angeles, California

Harter, Katherine; Bhatt, Sanjay; Kim, Hyung T.; Mallon, William K.

doi:10.5811/westjem.2014.8.23062

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…98 In agreement with these predictions, a single case of chikungunya was identified in Los Angeles in a traveler returning from a visit to Haiti in 2013. 99 By the end 2014, a total of 46 imported cases of chikungunya in California were reported to and confirmed by CDC. 100 The risks here appear real: a single chikungunya outbreak occurred in temperate northern Italy in 2007 that was transmitted by Ae.…”

Section: Dengue and Chikungunya Risk In Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Dengue and Chikungunya Worldwide: Implications for the Southern United States and California

Fredericks

Fernández-Sesma

2015

Annals of Global Health

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Dengue virus (DENV) spreads to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquito and is a growing public health threat to both industrialized and developing nations worldwide. Outbreaks of autochthonous dengue in the United States occurred extensively in the past but over the past three decades have again taken place in Florida, Hawai’i, and Texas as well as in American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. As the Aedes vectors spread worldwide it is anticipated that DENV as well as other viruses also transmitted by these vectors, such as Chikungunya virus (CHKV), will invade new areas of the world, including the US. In this review, we describe the current burden of dengue disease worldwide and the potential introduction of DENV and CHKV into different areas of the US. Of these areas, the state of California saw the arrival and spread of the Aedes aegypti vector beginning in 2013. This invasion presents a developing situation when considering the state’s number of imported dengue cases and proximity to northern Mexico as well as the rising specter of chikungunya in the Western hemisphere. The distribution of Aedes vectors in California as well as a discussion of several factors contributing to the risk of dengue importation are discussed and evaluated.

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Section: Dengue and Chikungunya Risk In Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Dengue and Chikungunya Worldwide: Implications for the Southern United States and California

Fredericks

Fernández-Sesma

2015

Annals of Global Health

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“…An outbreak on Réunion Island in 2005–06 had an attack rate of 35%. Autochthonous transmission in Italy (2007), France (2010), the Caribbean islands (2013) and South America (2014) [3–6] has made CHIKV a global public health issue, as the range of affected areas continues to increase and non-endemic countries are experiencing increases in travel-related CHIKV infections [7–9]. There have also been several instances of viremic travellers importing CHIKV into regions where Ae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of individual and community mitigation measures for prevention and control of chikungunya virus

et al. 2019

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Background Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus transmitted by mosquitoes from the Aedes genus. The virus, endemic to parts of Asia and Africa, has recently undergone an emergence in other parts of the world where it was previously not found including Indian Ocean Islands, Europe, the Western Pacific and the Americas. There is no vaccine against chikungunya virus, which means that prevention and mitigation rely on personal protective measures and community level interventions including vector control. Methodology/Principal findings A systematic review (SR) was conducted to summarize the literature on individual and community mitigation and control measures and their effectiveness. From a scoping review of the global literature on chikungunya, there were 91 articles that investigated mitigation or control strategies identified at the individual or community level. Of these, 81 were confirmed as relevant and included in this SR. The majority of the research was published since 2010 (76.5%) and was conducted in Asia (39.5%). Cross sectional studies were the most common study design (36.6%). Mitigation measures were placed into six categories: behavioural protective measures, insecticide use, public education, control of blood and blood products, biological vector control and quarantine of infected individuals. The effectiveness of various mitigation measures was rarely evaluated and outcomes were rarely quantitative, making it difficult to summarize results across studies and between mitigation strategies. Meta-analysis of the proportion of individuals engaging in various mitigation measures indicates habitat removal is the most common measure used, which may demonstrate the effectiveness of public education campaigns aimed at reducing standing water. Conclusions/Significance Further research with appropriate and consistent outcome measurements are required in order to determine which mitigation measures, or combination of mitigation measures, are the most effective at protecting against exposure to chikungunya virus.

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Fever of Unknown Origin in Childhood

Chusid

2017

Pediatric Clinics of North America

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Chikungunya Fever in Los Angeles, California

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

The Burden of Dengue and Chikungunya Worldwide: Implications for the Southern United States and California

The Burden of Dengue and Chikungunya Worldwide: Implications for the Southern United States and California

A systematic review of individual and community mitigation measures for prevention and control of chikungunya virus

Fever of Unknown Origin in Childhood

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