Child Effects on Parental Negativity: The Role of Heritable and Prenatal Factors

Liu, Chang; Ji, Linying; Chow, Sy Miin; Kang, Boyoung; Leve, Leslie D.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Ganiban, Jody M.; Natsuaki, Misaki N.; Reiss, David; Neiderhiser, Jenaè M.

doi:10.1111/cdev.13404

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Higher child negative affectivity at preschool-age predicted higher negative expressivity of the mothers at school-age. Higher maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity were correlated at toddlerhood, and the relations between maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity may be partially due to shared heritable influences (Boivin et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2020). In addition, mothers' and children's negative expressions may influence each other through emotional contagion (Butler, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shared genetic factors also may partially explain the associations between maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity. Future studies utilizing other research designs, especially adoption designs ( Liu et al, 2020 ), could further disentangle the genetic and environmental factors contributing to the relations between maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Longitudinal bidirectional relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal emotion expressivity

Tan

Smith²

2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although children’s negative affectivity is a temperamental characteristic that is biologically based, it is framed within and shaped by their emotional environments which are partly created by maternal emotion expressivity in the family. Children, in turn, play a role in shaping their family emotional context, which could lead to changes in mothers’ emotion expressivity in the family. However, these theorized longitudinal bidirectional relations between child negative affectivity and maternal positive and negative expressivity have not been studied from toddlerhood to early school-age. The current study utilized a cross-lagged panel model to examine the reciprocal relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal expressivity within the family over the course of early childhood. Participants were 140 mother–child dyads (72 boys, mean age = 2.67 years, primarily White). Mothers reported the positive and negative expressivity in the family and children’s negative affectivity in toddlerhood (T1), preschool (T2), and school-age (T3). Maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity at T1 were significantly correlated. Maternal negative expressivity at T1 significantly predicted child negative affectivity at T3. Children’s negative affectivity at T2 significantly predicted mothers’ negative expressivity at T3. Mothers’ positive expressivity was not related to children’s negative affectivity at any of the three time points. The findings demonstrate the reciprocal relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal negative expressivity in the family, suggesting the importance of the interplay between child temperament and maternal expressivity within the family emotional context.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal bidirectional relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal emotion expressivity

Tan

Smith²

2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In comparison, there is a substantial literature showing that children influence the parent–child relationship and that a portion of this is explained by heritable pathways via evocative r GE in infancy and childhood (e.g., Harold et al, 2013; Klahr & Burt, 2014). Using data from the Early Growth and Development Study, several findings of evocative child effects have emerged (Hajal et al, 2015; Harold et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2020). For instance, negative emotionality during toddlerhood was associated with higher levels of parent overreactivity during toddlerhood (Liu et al, 2020), and children’s impulsivity during preschool age was associated with higher levels of parental hostility at 6 years old (Harold et al, 2013).…”

Section: The Influence Of the Interparental Relationship On Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using data from the Early Growth and Development Study, several findings of evocative child effects have emerged (Hajal et al, 2015; Harold et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2020). For instance, negative emotionality during toddlerhood was associated with higher levels of parent overreactivity during toddlerhood (Liu et al, 2020), and children’s impulsivity during preschool age was associated with higher levels of parental hostility at 6 years old (Harold et al, 2013). In both instances, this association was partially explained by heritable influences.…”

Section: The Influence Of the Interparental Relationship On Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reexamining the association between the interparental relationship and parent–child interactions: Incorporating heritable influences.

Ramos¹,

Shewark²,

Fosco³

et al. 2022

Developmental Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Family systems research has identified two key processes (spillover and compensatory), linking interparental relationship quality to the parent-child relationship. However, previous research has focused on the parent as the sole initiator and had not often considered the role of the child in these processes. The present study adds to the literature by leveraging a genetically informed design to examine possible child evocative effects on spillover and compensatory processes. Participants were from a longitudinal parent-offspring adoption sample of 361 linked sets of adoptive parents of an adopted child (57% male), and the child's birth parents. Adoptive parents reported on child pleasure and anger at 18 months and the interparental relationship at 27 months. Parent-child interactions were observed at child age 6 years, and heritable influences were assessed via birth mother self-report at 5 months. Our results indicated a dampening effect where higher interparental warmth at child age 27 months was associated with less adoptive mother-child coercion at child age 6 years, and a compensatory effect where higher interparental conflict was associated with more adoptive father-child positive engagement. Moreover, our results indicated child-driven effects via both genetic and environmental pathways. Specifically, higher levels of birth mother negative affect (heritable characteristic) were associated with lower levels of adoptive father-child coercion. Also, child anger was positively associated with interparental conflict, and child pleasure was positively associated with interparental warmth. These findings support findings from the family literature with evidence of compensatory mechanisms, while also highlighting the active role children play in shaping family interactions.

show abstract

“…Adoption is a natural research design that allows for the distinction of individual and context-based processes and contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms through which children shape and are shaped by their rearing environments (Palacios, 2018;Shewark et al, 2021). However, research in this field has mostly focused on the child's heritable characteristics that influence parenting (e.g., Liu et al, 2020), the influence of child-evoked parenting on child's developmental outcomes (e.g., Harold et al, 2013), and the moderation of the child's individual characteristics in the relationship between parenting and child's outcomes (e.g., Leve et al, 2013;Reiss et al, 2013;Shewark et al, 2021).…”

Section: Adoptees' Social Skills: a Hybrid Dyadic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating Role of the Child’s Temperament on the Relationship Between Mother/Father’s Adoptive Parenting and Adoptee’s Social Skills: Hybrid Dyadic Analyses

Soares¹,

Barbosa‐Ducharne²,

Palacios³

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adoption provides a unique opportunity to study the simultaneous effect on adoptees’ development of environmental influences related to adoptive parenting, and children’s biology-based characteristics. In this paper, two Hybrid Dyadic Models were tested to study the mediational role of the adoptees’ negative reactivity on the relationship between mothers and fathers’ supportive (Model A) and unsupportive (Model B) parenting, and adoptees’ social skills. In a sample of 102 couples, mothers and fathers’ reports on adoptees’ social skills, the adoptees’ negative reactivity, and supportive/unsupportive parenting were explored. Supportive/unsupportive parenting was assessed individually (mothers and fathers separately), whereas the adoptees’ negative reactivity and social skills were treated as common fate variables, with both parents’ scores as indicators of a latent construct. Results were non-significant for Model A. Regarding Model B, different relation patterns between unsupportive parenting and social skills were found, depending on whether it was the mother's or the father's parenting. The child's negative reactivity mediated the relationship between the father's (not the mother's) unsupportive parenting and the child's social skills. With information from both parents and considering simultaneously their unique and shared perspectives, this study advances adoption research and strengthens the relevance of dyadic analyses when studying the adoptive family dynamics.

show abstract

Child Effects on Parental Negativity: The Role of Heritable and Prenatal Factors

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

Longitudinal bidirectional relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal emotion expressivity

Longitudinal bidirectional relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal emotion expressivity

Reexamining the association between the interparental relationship and parent–child interactions: Incorporating heritable influences.

Mediating Role of the Child’s Temperament on the Relationship Between Mother/Father’s Adoptive Parenting and Adoptee’s Social Skills: Hybrid Dyadic Analyses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About