Childhood abuse and its association with adults’ mental health problems: a cross-sectional study among men and women in the Yangon Region of Myanmar

Aye, Win Thuzar; Lien, Lars; Stigum, Hein; Bjertness, Espen

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045870

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As many as 120 million women under the age of 20 experience forced sexual contact (WHO, 2022). This statement is in line with research conducted by Aye et al, (2021) in Myanmar on 2,377 adults aged 18-49 years who stated that the prevalence of women with experiences of sexual violence in childhood was higher than that of men ( 13.3% vs. 1.3%). A quarter of the study population had experienced a traumatic event in which 26% reported experiencing PTSD.…”

Section: Sexual Violence In Childhood Withsupporting

confidence: 90%

Childhood Physical and Sexual Violences as Potential Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Alfiasari¹,

Tamtomo²,

Prasetya³

2023

J Epidemiol Public Healt

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Background: WHO states that as many as 300 million children have experienced physical punishment or psychological violence. These traumatic events can cause Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which has an impact on the lives of victims of physical and sexual violence. The purpose of this study was to analyze and estimate the average influence of physical and sexual violence in childhood on the incidence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) using a meta-analysis study. Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the selection of PRISMA flow diagrams. Population= adults aged >18 years. Intervention= experience of physical and sexual violence as children. Comparison= no experience of physical and sexual violence as children. Outcome= PTSD.

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Section: Sexual Violence In Childhood Withsupporting

confidence: 90%

Childhood Physical and Sexual Violences as Potential Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Alfiasari¹,

Tamtomo²,

Prasetya³

2023

J Epidemiol Public Healt

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“…One study indicated that children in rural areas encountered elevated levels of corporal punishment in schools [50], which was supported in another study in Mali and Libya [77]. Risk factors associated with child abuse and maltreatment, including gender, older age, rural residence, family socioeconomic status, family size, parent's education, and parent's alcohol use, were similar to those reported in a study in Saudi Arabia [78] and to findings from conflict-affected countries, including Pakistan [79] and Myanmar [80].…”

Section: Violence Against Childrensupporting

confidence: 76%

Violence against women and children in Yemen: A mixed-methods systematic review

Shreedhar,

Arvind Chavan,

Al-Zumair

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Violence against women and children (VAWC) is a significant health and human rights issue closely tied to multiple Sustainable Development Goals. While VAWC is prevalent in all countries, the severity and incidence of VAWC increase during wars, natural disasters, economic crises, and pandemics, all of which have affected Yemen in recent years. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from qualitative and quantitative studies on the types, prevalence, perpetrators of, and risk factors for VAWC in Yemen. Before initiating the search, the protocol and search strategy were registered to PROSPERO (CRD42021237855). We systematically searched four biomedical databases and grey literature sources and used reverse snowball sampling to identify eligible studies. The 31 studies included in the analysis depicted a range of forms of VAWC, encompassing honor violence, female genital mutilation and cutting, early and very early marriage, tourist marriage, family and intimate partner violence, and gender inequities in access to food, education, and medical care. Included studies reported a high prevalence of many forms of violence, including corporal punishment in schools and intimate partner violence. We reviewed study quality and how studies addressed ethical concerns in VAWC-related research. We found that several studies did not report ethics review or interviewer training and no studies discussed safety planning or addressing the mental health needs of participants in VAWC research. This systematic review provides a much-needed synthesis of existing research on VAWC in Yemen. Since the start of the 2014 war, Yemen has become the world's largest humanitarian crisis, with the highest rate of maternal mortality and gender inequality in the world. We only identified one study initiated after the recent war in Yemen. This deficiency represents a missed opportunity to understand how the ongoing war has reversed prior gains in reducing the prevalence of child and very early child marriage and introduced new forms of gender-based violence, including tourist marriage.

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“…The present manuscript reports an analysis of data from a population-based, cross-sectional study among men and women aged 18-49 years in the northern and southern districts of the Yangon Region of Myanmar, conducted in October and November 2016. [52][53][54] Data were collected in the Yangon Region, the most developed and densely populated region in Myanmar, and included all ethnic groups residing there. However, it excluded nuns, monks, soldiers, institutionalised people and those deemed too ill physically and/or mentally to participate.…”

Section: Study Design and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational inequalities and self-reported health among men and women aged 18–49 years in Yangon Region, Myanmar: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional study

Baek,

Aye,

Htet

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of good self-reported health (SRH) in subpopulations based on the social determinants of health and to investigate the association between education (measured in years of schooling) and good SRH among men and women aged 18–49 years in Yangon Region, Myanmar.DesignAnalysis of data from a population-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Yangon, Myanmar, from October to November 2016. A multistage sampling procedure was employed, and structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with standardised questions adapted from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression analyses by sex.SettingUrban and rural areas of Yangon Region, Myanmar.ParticipantsThe sample included 2,506 participants (91.8% response rate) aged 18–49 years and excluded nuns, monks, soldiers, institutionalised people and individuals deemed too ill physically and/or mentally to participate.ResultsThe prevalence of good SRH was 61.2% (95% CI 59.3 to 63.1), with higher rates among men (72.0%, 95% CI 69.3 to 74.5), younger individuals (69.2%, 95% CI 66.2 to 72.1), urban residents (63.6%, 95% CI 60.8 to 66.3), extended family dwellers (66.6%, 95% CI 63.7 to 69.4) and those with a higher level of education (66.0%, 95% CI 61.3 to 70.5). After adjusting for confounders (age and area of residence), the association between years of schooling and SRH (PR) was 1.01 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.02, p=0.002) in men and 1.01 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.02, p=0.415) in women.ConclusionsGood SRH was more prevalent among men than among women. Additionally, a 1-year increase in education was associated with a 1% increase in the prevalence of good SRH among men, whereas the association was not statistically significant among women. In order to enhance the educational benefits of health in Myanmar, we recommend a higher focus on the length of education and addressing gender inequalities in wage return from education.

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Childhood abuse and its association with adults’ mental health problems: a cross-sectional study among men and women in the Yangon Region of Myanmar

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Childhood Physical and Sexual Violences as Potential Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Childhood Physical and Sexual Violences as Potential Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Violence against women and children in Yemen: A mixed-methods systematic review

Educational inequalities and self-reported health among men and women aged 18–49 years in Yangon Region, Myanmar: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional study

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