No abstract

Background: Hypertension is an important public health issue in developed and developing countries. The incidence of hypertension continues to rise to a serious level. Raising awareness of the seriousness of hypertension among peer groups may be an important factor for preventive health behavior. This study aimed to examine the used of health belief model for the analysis of factors affecting hypertension preventive behavior among adolescents. Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. It was conducted at 5 Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Surakarta from April to May, 2017. A sample of 200 class X and XI SMK students aged 15-17 years was selected for this study by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension preventive behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self efficacy, with perceived threat as a mediating variable. The data were collected by a set of pre-tested questionnaire. Path analysis was employed for data analysis using SPSS AMOS 22. Results: Perceived threat (b=0.24, SE=0.07, p=0.002), perceived benefit (b=0.24, SE=0.10, p=0.021), self efficacy (b=0.40, SE=0.23, p=0.084), and cues to action (b=0.45, SE=0.15, p=0.003) showed direct positive effects on hypertension preventive behavior. Perceived barrier (b=-0.26, SE=0.10, p=0.015) showed direct negative effect on hypertension preventive behavior. Perceived susceptibility (b= 0.27, SE= 0.09, p=0.005), perceived seriousness (b=0.29, SE=0.09, p<0.001), and cues to action (b=0.34, SE=0.13, p=0.008) showed indirect positive effects on hypertension preventive behavior. Conclusion: Hypertension preventive behavior is positively and directly affected by perceived threat, perceived benefit, self, and cues to action. The preventive behavior is negatively and directly affected by perceived barrier. Perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and cues to action indirectly and positively affect on hypertension preventive behavior.

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Berat badan merupakan indicator pertama dalam menilai pertumbuhan bayi. Upaya untuk meningkatkan berat badan bayi diperlukan gizi yang maksimal dan ASI merupakan makanan utama bagi bayi terutama pada usia 1-6 bulan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengnalisis faktor yang berkaitan dengan pemberian ASI dan dilihat pencapaian berat badan. Faktor yang dimaksud meliputi teknik, frekuensi, durasi menyusui dan asupan enegi dengan berat badan bayi usia 1-6 bulan. Metode: Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah kohort prostektif karena mengikuti berat badan bayi selama 4 bulan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 1-6 bulan yang diambil secara purposive sampling pada titik awal penelitian berjumlah 60 responden dan dropout sebayak 14 responden sehingga yang dapat dianalisis sebesar 46 responden. Analisis data secara bivariat dilakukan dengan chi square dan multivariate dengan uji regresi logistic ganda. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan hasil adanya hubungan antara teknik menyusui dan berat badan bayi dengan p-value=0,003, ada hubungan antara frekuensi menyusui dengan berat badan bayi dengan p-value=0,018 ada hubungan durasi menyusui dengan berat badan bayi dengan pvalue=0,001 dan ada hubungan antara asupan energi dengan berat badan bayi dengan pvalue<0,001. Dari analisis multivariate dari keempat variabel bebas, asupan energi merupakan yang paling berpengaruh diantara variabel lainya dengan exp (B) sebesar 38,822 yang berarti jika asupan energi ibu menyusui baik maka beresiko 38,822 kali mengalami kenaikan berat badan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara teknik, frekuensi, durasi menyusui dan asupan energi ibu dengan berat badan bayi usia 1-6 bulan.

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs are a strategy to maintain healthy behaviors. Nevertheless, limited evidence has been reported from systematic evaluations of the effects of DSME integrated with peer support on glycemic control. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of DSME interventions integrated with peer support on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A systematic search was carried out in electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar, for English-language articles published from 2005 until 2020. The effect size was estimated as the standard mean difference (SMD). The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool was employed to assess the risk of bias.RESULTS: Twelve studies were included in this study. DSME integrated with peer support effectively reduced glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, with a statistically significant effect (SMD, -0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.69 to -0.13; p<0.001). Programs with a sample size <100 (SMD, -0.45; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.11; p=0.009), duration of intervention ≤6 months (SMD, -0.52; 95% CI, -0.96 to -0.07; p=0.020), baseline HbA1c <8.5% (SMD, -0.42; 95% CI, -0.77 to -0.07; p=0.020), delivery by group (SMD, -0.28; 95% CI, -0.51 to -0.06; p=0.010), and high frequency of contact (SMD, -0.29; 95% CI, -0.48 to -0.10; p=0.003) had statistically significant effects on reducing HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.CONCLUSIONS: DSME integrated with peer support effectively enhances glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Programs with smaller participants groups, shorter interventions, weekly meetings, and closer group sessions improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Hospital accreditation is a systemic assessment to measure service quality according to standards. Hospital services focus on meeting patient needs and satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the status of accreditation and other factors that influence the satisfaction of hospitalized patients in the hospital. Subjects andMethod: This was a cross sectional study conducted in four hospitals in Sleman, Yogyakarta, from March to April 2019. A sample 200 inpatients were selected for this study by proportional random sampling. The dependent variable was patient satisfaction. The independent variables were accreditation status, service quality, length of care, source of funds, employment, age, and gender. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Patient satisfaction was directly and positively affected by age >18 years old (b = 2.34; 95% CI= 0.33 to 2.50; p= 0.023), gender (b = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.08 to 1.96; p = 0.034), length of care> 3 days (b= 0.99; 95% CI= 0.043 to 1.95; p= 0.041), independent funding sources (b= 1.50; 95% CI= 0.47 to 2.53; p= 0.004), good service quality (b = 3.42; 95% CI = 2.31 to 4.53; p <0.001), and good accreditation status (b = 3.33; 95% CI = 2.12 to 4.54; p<0.001). Satisfaction is directly and negatively influenced by work (b = -1.37; 95% CI = -2.32 to -0.41; p = 0.005). Patient satisfaction was influenced indirectly and positively by accreditation status through good service quality (b = 0.70; 95% CI = -0.04 to 1.96; p = 0.037). Patient satisfaction was influenced indirectly by age> 18 years through service quality (b = 1.50; 95% CI = 0.49 to 2.50; p = 0.036). Conclusions: Patient satisfaction was influenced directly and positively by age> 18 years, male sex, length of care >3 days, independent fund sources, good service quality and good accreditation status. Patient satisfaction is influenced directly and negatively by work. Patient satisfaction was indirectly affected by age >18 years and good accreditation status.