Childhood hodgkin's lymphoma, non‐hodgkin's lymphoma and factors related to the immune system: The escale study (SFCE)

Abstract

The study investigated the role of factors considered related to the early stimulation of the immune system in the aetiology of childhood lymphoma. The national registry‐based case–control study, Escale, was carried out in France over the period 2003–2004. Population controls were frequency matched with the cases on age and gender. Data were obtained from structured telephone questionnaires administered to mothers. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using unconditional regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Data from 128 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) aged 5–14 years, 164 cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) aged 2–14 years and 1,312 controls were analyzed. Negative associations were observed between HL and day care attendance [OR = 0.5 (0.2–1.2)] and between HL and repeated early common infections among non‐breastfed children [OR = 0.3 (.2–0.7), p = 0.003] [OR for breastfed children: 1.0 (.5–2.1)], but not for the other factors investigated. Negative associations were observed between NHL and birth order 3 or more [OR = 0.7 (0.4–1.1)], prolonged breastfeeding [OR = 0.5 (0.3–1.0)], regular contact with farm animals [OR = 0.5 (0.3–1.0)], frequent farm visits in early life [OR = 0.6 (0.4–1.1)] and history of asthma [OR = 0.6 (0.3–1.1)]. In conclusion, the results partly support the hypothesis that an abnormal maturation of the immune system may play a role in childhood HL or NHL, and call for further investigations.

Breastfeeding and the Risk of Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Notably, the findings from our meta-analysis suggested that there was limited evidence for a significant association between breastfeeding and the risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma. The inconsistent finding of our meta-analysis may be driven by the results from a new study which constituted > 50% (843 cases) of all cases (1618 cases) (Rudant et al, 2011). After excluding this single study, we observed a significant inverse association (pooled OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54-0.96; P = 0.02).…”

“…Compared to the meta-analysis (Martin et al, 2005), we added 3 new studies (Altinkaynak et al, 2006;Petridou et al, 2006;Rudant et al, 2011) and 1 study by Bener et al (2008) in 2008 that enlarged the sample size in 2001 (Bener et al, 2001). Notably, the findings from our meta-analysis suggested that there was limited evidence for a significant association between breastfeeding and the risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma.…”

“…Briefly, 11 potentially relevant articles that concerned the association between breastfeeding and the risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma were identified (Davis et al, 1988;Shu et al, 1995;Grufferman et al, 1998;Smulevich et al, 1999;Hardell et al, 2001;UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators, 2001;Altinkaynak et al, 2006;Petridou et al, 2006;Bener et al, 2008;Rudant et al, 2011). One article was only published in abstract form in 1998 by Grufferman et al (1998).…”

Allergy and risk of hematologic malignancies: Associations and mechanisms

“…There have been several investigations regarding definition and measurement of allergies and the subtypes of HM assessed, however, an inverse association with history of allergies has been reported for HM as a group [4], lymphoma overall [5,6], Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) [7][8][9][10], Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) [11,12], and multiple myeloma (MM) [13] (Table 1) [14]. The study indicates a moderately increased risk of HMs in women but not in men with a history of allergies to airborne allergens, especially to plants, grass, or trees.…”

Hodgkin's Lymphoma: From Tumor Microenvironment to Immunotherapeutic Approach - Body's Own Power Protection Challenges

“…A negative association has been observed between HL and repeated early common infections (Rudant et al, 2010). Viruses are etiologically associated with a significant number of human leukaemia/lymphomas.…”