Childhood urinary tract infection in Abakaliki: Etiological organisms and antibiotic sensitivity pattern

Abstract

Background:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common childhood infection in the Tropics which causes significant illness and is frequently missed, probably because of its non-specific presentation and similarity with other common illnesses.Objectives:To determine the prevalence, common etiological agents, and the susceptibility of these pathogens to the commonly available antimicrobial agents in this center.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study carried out at the Children's Outpatient Clinic and Children's Emergency Ward of Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (EBSUTH). The study was carried out between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009.Results:One hundred ten subjects of the 3625 children seen in the center during the period of study had UTI giving a case prevalence rate of 3.0%. Majority of the patients (59, 53.6%) were less than 2 years of age with a male:female ratio of 1:1.3. Fever was the commonest presenting symptom and the commonest organisms isolated in urine were Klebsiella (27, 24.5%), and Staphylococcus aureus (24, 21.8%). The drugs that were most sensitive to these organisms were Gentamicin (50, 45.5%), Ceftriaxone (49, 44.5%), and Ciprofloxacin (36, 32.7%).Conclusion:The study revealed a high prevalence of UTI among children. Klebsiella was the commonest causative organism isolated in the urine. Gentamicin, Ceftriaxone, and Ciprofloxacin were the antimicrobials with the highest sensitivity to all the isolated microorganisms.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Uropathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…The findings of this study were similar to those reported in Nigeria [ 14 ], Iran [ 15 ], and Egypt [ 16 ], where prevalence rates of UTI documented were 11.96%, 16.2%, and 15.05%, respectively. However, the result obtained in this study (15.8%) appeared to be higher when compared with those reported in Philadelphia [ 17 ], USA [ 6 ], India [ 18 ], and Nigeria [ 19 ]. The prevalence rates reported were 3.3%, 7.0%, 4%, and 3.0%, respectively.…”

Prevalence, Aetiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection Amongst Children Admitted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania

“…These findings are consistent with previous studies in India and Bangladesh, where E coli and K pneumoniae were predominant uropathogens. 5,16,17 The only Grampositive bacterium in this study was S aureus, reported in 1 urine sample, which might be due to contamination; however, S aureus in urine has been reported from other studies. 8,18 In view of this finding, Gram-negative bacteria should be considered in children with UTI when selecting antibiotics for empiric treatments.…”

Bacterial Etiologies and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infections at the Pediatric Ward of Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz, Iran: A Three-Year Study (2009 - 2011)

“…Likewise, many scientists reported E. coli as common pathogenic isolates in UTI (12,(19)(20)(21); however, in some geographic regions such as Nigeria (Ebonyi State university teaching hospital, Children's emergency unit, age group between birth to five years old) Klebsiella spp was reported as the main factor of UTI in children (22). In Iran, Monsef and Eghbalian and Mirsoleymani et al reported Klebsiella spp as the second factor for UTI besides E. coli (Ekbatan hospital of the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, neonatal and neonatal intensive care unit, age group between one to 30 days), as shown in our study (11,16).…”

“…However, in another study nitrofurantoin and ceftriaxone were the most effective agents against E. coli in Iran (central diagnostic lab of Karaj) (4,5,24). In Nigeria, gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic against E. coli (22). Different antibiotic patterns in Iran or around the world might be due to various antibiotic prescriptions in diverse geographic areas, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for UTI and outbreak of antibiotic differences in pathogenic bacteria by mutation.…”