Children's and adults’ neural bases of verbal and nonverbal ‘theory of mind’

Kobayashi, Chiyoko; Glover, Gary H.; Temple, Elise

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.11.017

Cited by 155 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The MFC is a core component of the theory of mind (ToM) network, a network found to be active when people evaluate about or consider the intentions of other people. Based on numerous studies reporting co-activation of STS and MFC [28][29][30][31], as well as the known anatomical connectivity between these two areas [32], co-activation in these two areas has been hypothesized to reflect core mentalizing processes [33]. The current data are consistent with this interpretation.…”

Section: Brain Response To Unlikely Actionssupporting

confidence: 83%

What Are the Chances? fMRI Correlates of Observing High and Low-Probability Actions

Norlund¹,

Bruggink²,

Cuijpers³

et al. 2013

JBBS

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Cognitive scientists often use probabilistic equations to model human behavior in ambiguous situations. How, where, and even if such probabilities are represented in the human brain remains largely unknown. Here, we manipulated the probability of simple bottle-pouring action based on two considerations, the relative fullness of two glasses and the relative distance between the two glasses and the bottle. Whole brain functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure brain activity while participants viewed probable and improbable pouring actions. Improbable actions elicited increased activity in the theory of mind (ToM) network, commonly found active when trying to grasp the intentions of others, whereas probable actions elicited increased activity in the human mirror neuron system (hMNS) and areas associated with mental imagery and memory. These data provide novel insight into the brain mechanisms humans use to distinguish between high and low-probability actions.

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Section: Brain Response To Unlikely Actionssupporting

confidence: 83%

What Are the Chances? fMRI Correlates of Observing High and Low-Probability Actions

Norlund¹,

Bruggink²,

Cuijpers³

et al. 2013

JBBS

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show abstract

“…First of all, there is still debate about the role of the temporoparietal junction in ToM (e.g., Mitchell, 2008). Indeed, the temporoparietal junction may not be associated with ToM among typical children, even though it is among adults (Kobayashi, Glover, & Temple, 2007). More important, in our view, is a consideration of the requirements of ToM at the cognitive level.…”

Section: Lind and Williams 23mentioning

confidence: 84%

The association between past and future oriented thinking: Evidence from autism spectrum disorder

Lind

Williams

2012

Learning and Motivation

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. depends on the same neurocognitive system that is implicated in the recall of past events (episodic memory). In this paper, we argue that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) offers an ideal test of such theories, given that it is a developmental disorder that is characterized by impairments in episodic memory. Each of these theories would predict concomitant impairments in episodic future thinking among individuals with ASD. We review evidence concerning episodic future thinking in ASD, as well as studies of prospective memory (remembering to do something in the future), planning, navigation, and theory of mind, which some theories suggest also rely on the same mechanism as episodic future thinking. Permanent repository link

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“…Among the near 200 papers that we found to be potentially eligible for this meta-analysis, 9 papers met our inclusion criteria [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . Ref.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming methodological limitations in theory-of- mind neuroscientific experiments: A voxel based meta-analysis of verbal and non-verbal theory of mind studies

Ando¹,

Dias

McNamara³

2013

JBGC

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Components of neuropsychological tests commonly employed by neuroimagers in developing a metric for Theory of Mind (ToM) research are currently extremely mixed. Tests commonly include factors which may be separate from the core ToM component such as emotion, morality and verbal skills. We explore these confounds, and hypothesize that the discrepant conclusions that have arisen in neuroimaging ToM research reflect the degree to which a task is confounded by these factors. To test this hypothesis we conduct a coordinate based activation likelihood estimations (ALE) meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. The results demonstrate divergences in neuroimaging results are predicted by divergences in the use of verbal or non-verbal tasks. In response to this finding we systematically describe the main dimensions that should be excluded and included in an ideal ToM task drawing on the wide literature surveyed. We argue, good tasks should rely on minimum verbal content; avoid excessive empathic and moral reactions; include human-like figures executing purposeful behaviors; present several standardized phases, with increased levels of difficulty; and incorporate a clear scoring system, so that performance can be categorized. In order to try to accomplish these goals, we introduce the new 'Inverted Comic Strips Task'.

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Children's and adults’ neural bases of verbal and nonverbal ‘theory of mind’

Cited by 155 publications

References 58 publications

What Are the Chances? fMRI Correlates of Observing High and Low-Probability Actions

What Are the Chances? fMRI Correlates of Observing High and Low-Probability Actions

The association between past and future oriented thinking: Evidence from autism spectrum disorder

Overcoming methodological limitations in theory-of- mind neuroscientific experiments: A voxel based meta-analysis of verbal and non-verbal theory of mind studies

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