Children's awareness of cigarette brand sponsorship of sports and games in the UK

Gambling on sport sponsorship: A conceptual framework for research and regulatory review

“…Most papers examining links between tobacco sponsorship and smoking have focused on young persons' brand awareness and recall, along with attitudes toward tobacco sponsorship of sport (e.g. Ledwith, 1984;Aitken, Leathar, & Squair, 1986;Hoek, Gendall, & Stockdale, 1993;McDaniel & Mason, 1999;Sparks, 1999). Ledwith (1984) conducted a notable study, finding a significant increase in cigarette brand awareness amongst 880 British secondary school students following a televised snooker competition sponsored by a cigarette manufacturer.…”

Tobacco marketing and adolescent smoking: more support for a causal inference

“…4,5 Still others have shown correlations between the intensity of brand-specific cigarette advertising and brand awareness, preference, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] or brand market shares 12,15,16 among youths. Many cross-sectional studies have reported associations between exposure to cigarette advertising or participation in promotional activities and attitudes toward smoking, 17 susceptibility to smoking, [18][19][20][21][22][23] and smoking behavior 6,9,11,17,19,21,22,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] among youths. Because of the cross-sectional nature of these studies, it is not possible to determine whether the exposure to tobacco marketing preceded and contributed to smoking initiation or whether smoking initiation preceded increasing receptivity to tobacco advertising and promotions.…”

Counteracting tobacco motor sports sponsorship as a promotional tool: is the tobacco settlement enough?

“…The results of this study are particularly alarming in light of the effect tobacco motor sports sponsorship has on youth smoking attitudes and behaviors [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] and the growing popularity of car racing among youths. 8,47,48 According to the Washington Post, "NASCAR is targeting young customers with everything from amusement parks to NASCAR Barbie, grooming its next generation of fans even as TV ratings and race-day attendance soar."…”

“…[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] This research has found that cigarette sports sponsorship has profound effects on brand awareness, 35,36,[39][40][41] perceived connections between brands and sport, [35][36][37][38]40,42 associations between A B S T R A C T cigarette brands and excitement, 35 attitudes about smoking, 39,42,43 and smoking behavior. 41,42 Given the widespread television advertising exposure achieved by tobacco companies through sponsorship of motor sports, and given the evidence for an effect of this sponsorship on youth smoking attitudes and behavior, addressing tobacco motor sports sponsorship should be an important public health strategy.…”