Children's Depression Inventory: Construct and discriminant validity across clinical and nonreferred (control) populations.

Carey, Michael P.; Faulstich, Michael E.; Gresham, Frank M.; Ruggiero, Laurie; Enyart, Patience

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.55.5.755

Cited by 192 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Children select one sentence from each group that best describes themselves for the past two weeks. In nonclinic populations, the measure has relatively high levels of internal consistency, testretest reliability, predictive, convergent, and construct validity (Carey, Faulstich, Gresham, Ruggiero, & Enyart, 1987;Kazdin, French, & Unis, 1983;Mattison, Handford, Kales, Goodman, & McLaughlin, 1990;Saylor, Finch, Spririto, & Bennett, 1984;Worchel, Hughes, Hall, & Stanton, 1990). In the current study, internal consistency was high at both time points (αs = .90 and .91).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Guilt, Shame, Behavioral and Characterological Self-Blame to Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Over Time

Tilghman-Osborne¹,

Cole²,

Felton³

et al. 2008

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

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In a two-wave, longitudinal study, 221 nonreferred adolescents completed measures of guilt, shame, Behavioral self-blame (BSB), Characterological self-blame (CSB), depressive symptoms measures, and attributional style. Goals were to examine similarities between Tangney's (1996) conceptualization of guilt and shame and Janoff-Bulman's (1979) conceptualization of BSB and CSB in adolescents. Specific aims were (1) to examine the relation of depressive symptoms and depressive cognitions to shame, guilt, CSB, and BSB, (2) to estimate the longitudinal relations between depressive symptoms and measures of guilt, shame, BSB, and CSB, and (3) to assess the convergent and discriminant validity of shame/CSB measures and guilt/BSB measures. Results suggest that shame and CSB converge into a common construct, significantly related to depressive symptoms and cognitions. Convergence of guilt and BSB, however, was limited to particular pairs of measures.One research tradition has focused on the relation of guilt and shame to depression, as well as anger, hostility, substance abuse, eating disorders, low self-efficacy, and poor problem solving (Covert, Tangney, Maddux, & Heleno, 2003;Dearing, Stuewig, & Tangney, 2005;Ferguson, Stegge, Miller, & Olsen, 1999;Luyten, Fontaine, & Corveleyn, 2002;Sanftner, Barlow, Marschall, & Tangney, 1995;Tangney, Burggraf, & Wagner, 1995;Woien, Ernst, Patock-Peckham, & Nagoshi, 2003). Another research tradition has studied the relation of behavioral and characterological self-blame to depression as well as loneliness, isolation, uncontrollability, helplessness, and stressful life events (Anderson, Horowitz, & French, 1983;Cole, Peeke, & Ingold, 1996;Janoff-Bulman, 1979;Peterson, 1979;Peterson, Schwartz, & Seligman, 1981;Stoltz & Galassi, 1989).Correspondences concerning this article should be addressed to David A. Cole, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University 0552 GPC, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. david.cole@vanderbilt.edu.. NIH Public AccessAuthor Manuscript J Soc Clin Psychol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 November 20. Published in final edited form as:J Soc Clin Psychol. 2008 ; 27(8): 809-842. doi:10.1521/jscp.2008. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptDespite noteworthy conceptual similarities between these two pairs of constructs, almost no one has examined them conjointly (cf. Lutwak, Panish, & Ferrari, 2003). Linking these two traditions could have implications for theory and research pertaining to a very wide range of psychological and mental health outcomes. The overarching goal of the current study is to examine the relation of the guilt/shame constructs and the behavioral/characterological selfblame constructs to each other, to depression, and to depression-related cognitions, potentially paving the way for a clearer unification of these two research traditions. GUILT AND SHAMEIn this paper, we adhere to definitions of guilt and shame first articulated by Lewis (1971) and subsequently ela...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Guilt, Shame, Behavioral and Characterological Self-Blame to Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Over Time

Tilghman-Osborne¹,

Cole²,

Felton³

et al. 2008

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

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“…This measure has been shown to have high internal consistency (18) and construct and discriminant validity in clinical and nonclinical pediatric populations (19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Onset of Disturbed Eating Behavior in Adolescent Girls With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of the onset of disturbed eating behavior (DEB) in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -In this prospective study, participants completed the Children's Eating Disorder Examination interview and self-report measures at baseline and at four follow-up assessments over 5 years. Participants were 126 girls with type 1 diabetes, aged 9 -13 years at baseline. Of the 101 girls who did not have DEB at baseline, 45 developed DEB during the follow-up period; the 38 for whom data were available for the assessment before onset of DEB were compared with 38 age-matched girls who did not develop DEB. DEB was defined as dieting for weight control, binge eating, self-induced vomiting, or the use of diuretics, laxatives, insulin omission, or intense exercise for weight control.RESULTS -Logistic regression indicated that a model including BMI percentile, weight and shape concern, global and physical appearance-based self-worth, and depression was significantly associated with DEB onset ( 2 ϭ 46.0, 5 d.f., P Ͻ 0.0001) and accounted for 48.2% of the variance.CONCLUSIONS -Even though scores on the measures were within the published normal range, the onset of DEB was predicted by higher depression and weight and shape concerns and lower global and physical appearance-based self-worth as well as higher BMI percentile 1-2 years earlier compared with those not developing DEB. Early interventions focused on helping girls with diabetes develop positive feelings about themselves, their weight and shape, and their physical appearance may have protective value. Diabetes Care 31:1978-1982, 2008D isturbed eating behavior (DEB) tends to persist and worsen over time and is associated with the development of clinical eating disorders (1). Both clinical and subthreshold eating disorders are more common in teenage girls and young women with type 1 diabetes than in their nondiabetic peers (2,3) and have more significant health consequences in this population related to compromised metabolic control (2,4) and increased risk of hospitalization and diabetes-related medical complications (5,6). Identification of risk factors for DEB in girls with diabetes is of practical utility because it may allow targeted interventions to be instituted to prevent or diminish the onset of DEB in this high-risk group.In their recent review of risk factors for eating disorders, Striegel-Moore and Bulik (1) noted that internalization of an ideal of bodily thinness, body dissatisfaction, higher body weight, and dieting have consistently been identified as predictors of eating disturbance in longitudinal studies. Negative affect, including depressed mood and low self-esteem (7), and low perceived social support (8) have also been shown to predict subsequent disordered eating in some studies. However, evidence for the role of all of these risk factors has been limited. Although the mechanisms that account for the increased risk in girls with diabetes are not certain, diabetes has be...

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“…The first indicator of children's depressive symptoms was their self-reports on the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI; Kovacs, 1992), a 27-item questionnaire that assesses affective, behavioral, somatic, and cognitive aspects of depressive symptomatology. Evidence suggests that this widely used scale has good internal consistency (Cronbach's ␣ ϭ .85 in the current study), test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and validity as a screening measure for depressive symptomatology in nonclinical samples (Carey, Faulstich, Gresham, Ruggiero, & Enyart, 1987;Kovacs, 1992).…”

Section: Emotional-behavioral Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of children's depressive symptoms, self-perceptions, and cognitive distortions about the self.

McGrath¹,

Repetti²

2002

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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This longitudinal study examined how depressive symptoms relate to children's self-perceptions and to estimates of children's cognitive distortions about the self in a nonclinical sample of children who were followed from 4th grade (n ϭ 248) through 6th grade (n ϭ 227). Report card grades measured children's academic competence, and teachers' ratings of children's level of peer acceptance at school indicated social acceptance. Self-reported depressive symptoms predicted a change in children's negative views of the self. Moreover, the self-perceptions of children who exhibited more symptoms of depression appeared to reflect an underestimation of their actual competence. Children's negative self-perceptions and underestimations about the self were not associated with a subsequent change in depressive symptoms. The implications of the findings for cognitive theories of depression and future research with this population are discussed.Cognitive theory suggests that cognitions, particularly negative beliefs about the self, are related to the etiology of depression (Beck, 1967(Beck, , 1976. Two of the most basic assumptions of the theory, (a) that cognition has causal priority over emotions and (b) that depressed children's negative beliefs about the self reflect distortions of reality, have rarely been tested in the childhood depression literature (for reviews, see Garber, Quiggle, & Shanley, 1990;Hammen, 1990). The current study used a prospective longitudinal design to test associations between depressive symptoms and two dimensions of children's self-perceptions: the overall evaluation of the self and the accuracy of that judgment. First, we tested whether negative self-perceptions are associated with subsequent increases in signs of depressive symptoms or whether the reverse is true (i.e., depressed mood predicts a more negative view of the self). Second, estimating negative biases in children's judgments about the self, we examined whether underestimations of competence are a risk factor for future depressive symptomatology. The reverse causal model was also tested.

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Children's Depression Inventory: Construct and discriminant validity across clinical and nonreferred (control) populations.

Cited by 192 publications

References 10 publications

Relation of Guilt, Shame, Behavioral and Characterological Self-Blame to Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Over Time

Relation of Guilt, Shame, Behavioral and Characterological Self-Blame to Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Over Time

Prediction of the Onset of Disturbed Eating Behavior in Adolescent Girls With Type 1 Diabetes

A longitudinal study of children's depressive symptoms, self-perceptions, and cognitive distortions about the self.

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