Children's interpersonal perceptions: A social relations analysis of perceiver and target effects.

Malloy, Thomas E.; Sugarman, David; Montvilo, Robin K.; Ben-Zeev, Talia

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.68.3.418

Cited by 34 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is worth noting that the stability of perceiver effects reported here was higher than the stabilities of .20 to .50 reported in past studies (Malloy et al, 1995;Srivastava et al, 2010). The most likely reason for this discrepancy is undoubtedly that latent stabilities were reported here, which correspond to expected stability of perceiver effects if we had averaged a large number of ratings of others.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Malloy, Sugarman, Montvilo, and Ben-Zeev (1995) reported low levels of 1-year stability in perceiver effect estimates among elementary-school-aged children (rs Ϸ .20), whereas target effects showed higher stabilities over the same intervals. Similarly, Srivastava and colleagues (2010) found stabilities of perceiver effect estimates to be approximately .50 over the period of a week.…”

Section: Stability Of the Perceptions Of Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These correlations can be interpreted as measuring how personality differences among perceivers on dimension X relate to how the perceivers judge a single target on dimension Y. Consequently, the correlations we report are somewhat smaller than if multiple ratings by the individual perceivers were aggregated. To estimate how dispositional characteristics are associated with how individuals perceive others in the population in general, we estimated a second correlation by dividing this correlation by the square root of the intraclass correlation (ICC) associated with the perceiver effect (Malloy et al, 1995), which we report in all studies. Note also that estimating this second correlation is equivalent to a partial correction for unreliability (i.e., the unreliable expression of perceiver effects in a perceiver's judgment of a single target); it does not correct for unreliability on the side of the dispositional variable, such as self-reported extraversion.…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Perceiver effects as projective tests: What your perceptions of others say about you.

Wood¹,

Harms²,

Vazire³

2010

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

171

182

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In 3 studies, we document various properties of perceiver effects-or how an individual generally tends to describe other people in a population. First, we document that perceiver effects have consistent relationships with dispositional characteristics of the perceiver, ranging from self-reported personality traits and academic performance to well-being and measures of personality disorders, to how liked the person is by peers. Second, we document that the covariation in perceiver effects among trait dimensions can be adequately captured by a single factor consisting of how positively others are seen across a wide range of traits (e.g., how nice, interesting, trustworthy, happy, and stable others are generally seen). Third, we estimate the 1-year stability of perceiver effects and show that individual differences in the typical perception of others have a level of stability comparable to that of personality traits. The results provide compelling evidence that how individuals generally perceive others is a stable individual difference that reveals much about the perceiver's own personality. Keywords: person perception, perceiver effect, perceiver biases, rating biasWe do not see the world as it is, we see the world as we are.-The Talmud We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts. With our thoughts, we make our world.-The BuddhaGiven that observer reports are usually collected to learn about the target rather than the person providing the rating, tendencies for raters to judge the same target differently are generally regarded as perceiver bias, or scale-use bias, and considered nuisance variance to be removed or minimized to the extent possible (Hoyt, 2000). However, we can also invert the usual use of observer reports and see what observer reports reveal about the raters. Indeed, numerous theorists have suggested that raters' perceptions of others are one of the most important determinants of their behavior (e.g.,

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Stability Of the Perceptions Of Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Perceiver effects as projective tests: What your perceptions of others say about you.

Wood¹,

Harms²,

Vazire³

2010

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

171

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a variety of factors may influence the strength of these associations. In addition to age and development, congruence of self and others' perceptions may vary as a function of different characteristics of the individual child (e.g., gender) as well as of the other informant (Little & Card, 2005;Malloy, Sugarman, Montvilo, & Ben-Zeev, 1995). Strength of concordance may also be dependent upon the domain or personal attribute of interest (Cole, Jacquez, & Maschman, 2001a;Renk & Phares, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Social Self-perception Accuracy: Variations as a Function of Child Age and Gender

et al. 2010

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Significant theoretical and research efforts have addressed children's self-perceptions. However, questions remain about the factors that affect variability in self-perceptions both between children and across development. The present study examined social selfperceptions and self-perception accuracy as defined by concordance between self and peer report of positive and negative social behaviors. Accuracy was examined as a function of grade level (grades 2-8) and gender within a broad sample (n ¼ 1883). Younger children reported more positive self-perceptions, but concordance with peers was stronger at higher grade levels. Although boys and girls differed in their selfperceptions, concordance did not vary as a function of gender or whether the peer reference group was composed of same-or opposite-gender peers.

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“…Card, Hodges, Little, and Hawley (2005) conducted traditional SRM analysis of interpersonal perceptions within children's naturally occurring classroom groups to elucidate the degree of actor and partner variances (and degrees of generalised and dyadic reciprocity) in sixth-graders' perceptions of various aspects of aggression and social status. This study is similar to prior work applying the SRM to children's interpersonal perceptions (e.g., Malloy et al, 1995). A unique aspect of this study, however, was the division of the round robin sociomatrix by gender, thereby allowing comparisons of both within-and between-sex perceptions.…”

Section: The Social Relations Model (Srm)mentioning

confidence: 73%

On the use of Social Relations and Actor–Partner Interdependence Models in developmental research

Little¹

2005

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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We offer comments on the eight works contained in the Special Issue, all of which use advanced methods for analysing interdependencies using variants of the Social Relations Model (SRM) or the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). After critically discussing the SRM and APIM as used in these works, we describe similarities and differences between these two approaches. We also discuss the substantive contributions of this collection and then offer our suggestions for future development of the two models.Developmental research is inherently a study of interpersonal interactions, yet researchers have too long been hampered by traditional analytic techniques that make assumptions about independence of cases. Fortunately, techniques that accurately model the interdependencies of group and dyadic contexts have been developed, including the Social Relations Model (SRM) and the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). The collection of eight articles in this Special Issue offer a rich representation of the manner in which interdependencies can be conceptualised and analysed in developmental research.In the following, we review and comment upon the analytic application of the SRM and APIM in the articles of this Special Issue. We then compare and contrast these two techniques. We will also comment on the substantive contribution of these articles, including how the conceptual focus on interdependencies have allowed these researchers to answer questions that could not be considered using traditional individual-oriented approaches. Finally, we will offer our suggestions for future substantive and analytic work.As we begin our commentary, we note that there is no necessarily ''right'' way to analyse interdependent data; and the papers of this Special Issue present a range of analytic options, each with different advantages and foci. Although we address strengths and potential weaknesses, our aim is to highlight the exemplary nature and substantial advances represented by these works.

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Children's interpersonal perceptions: A social relations analysis of perceiver and target effects.

Cited by 34 publications

References 38 publications

Perceiver effects as projective tests: What your perceptions of others say about you.

Perceiver effects as projective tests: What your perceptions of others say about you.

Social Self-perception Accuracy: Variations as a Function of Child Age and Gender

On the use of Social Relations and Actor–Partner Interdependence Models in developmental research

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