China's Belt and Road Initiative

Chay, Yue Wah; Menkhoff, Thomas; Low, Linda

doi:10.1142/11354

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Relations with China improved somewhat in 2020, with some progress on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which had been stalled since 2018 (Shakil 2020a). The CPEC is the largest component of China's Belt and Road Initiative, a massive infrastructure network designed to facilitate trade and China's geostrategic influence (Chatzky and McBride 2020). The agreement has been criticized in Pakistan for benefitting China while being exploitative of Pakistanis, especially marginalized groups such as those in Balochistan (Hameed 2018), and the PTI had sought to renegotiate some of its terms when it came into office in 2018 (Afzal 2020b).…”

Section: External Relation S: Firmly In China's Armsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pakistan in 2020

Shafqat¹

2021

Asian Survey

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Pakistan began the year with the military establishment having tightened its grip on political institutions, but as the year progressed, opposition parties sought to reassert themselves and challenged both the PTI government and military leaders. Political movements took center stage as religious extremists as well as regionalist movements drew strength from the challenges to the PTI government. Feminists demanded action after a series of sexual assaults, and religious minorities continued to be targeted by violence. The COVID pandemic upended the economy, which was already straining under low growth and high debt and deficit conditions. Foreign relations provided many challenges as the government sought to target India for its mistreatment of Kashmiris, while the Pakistan–China relationship remained strong.

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Section: External Relation S: Firmly In China's Armsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pakistan in 2020

Shafqat¹

2021

Asian Survey

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“…The ongoing outbreak of COVID‐19 in China has prompted noteworthy effects on organizations and enterprises. Following are the few chunks of information which are gathered from online sources (Chatzky & McBride, 2020; Chrysoloras, Dendrinou, & Brambilla, 2020) Industrial productivity has fallen 13.5% in January and February. The urban unemployment rate is increased to 6.2% in February. Retail sales are dropped 20.5% year‐on‐year bases in January and February. Fixed investment is decreased by 24.5%, down from the growth of 5.4%. Services production are also fallen 13% in January and February. GDP is dropped by 13% during January and February. Exports are decreased by 17.2% in January and February. …”

Section: The Economic Impact Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic perspective of coronavirus ( COVID ‐19)

et al. 2020

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This study aims to present a quick overview of the novel coronavirus (afterward COVID-19) which triggers from Wuhan, spread approximately 213 countries and territories around the globe, and still currently ongoing. Particularly, we are interested to investigate the economic perspective of COVID-19. This paper uses data from online published articles and current media sources, as the COVID-19 situation is unfolding yet. To deeply explore the said matter, we divide the economic impact into six dimensions that is, Chinese economy, Central Asian economies, South Asian economies, South East and West Asian economies, European economies, Northern African, and Middle Eastern economies. The paper concludes that epidemic situations like COVID-19 severely affect economies around the globe. The basic reasons behind such severity are immobility of labor, reduction in productivity, discontinuation of the supply chain, a decline in exports, uncertainty, and so on. This study is quite important for businesses and policymakers to estimate and plan current and post-COVID-19 situations. 1 | OVERVIEW COVID-19 belongs to the family of viruses that are found in animals and can transfer in humans (Augustine, 2020). COVID-19 was originated from Wuhan, a city of 11 million people and a large industrial, educational and scientific base in China (Ayittey, Ayittey, Chiwero, Kamasah, & Dzuvor, 2020). This horrible story was started from the market in which animals and birds are sold. The initial host of the virus was bat which also contains other viruses of the same family such as Ebola, AIDS, and rabies. But bats were not the only animals sold in

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“…It led to default on the repayment of the loans, and China's taking over of the management of the port under lease. The experience has been construed by major Western analysts (Council on Foreign Relations [Chatzky and McBride, 2020] and the New York Times [Abi-Habib, 2018]) as a kind of loan-based trap or ploy, calling forth ironically associations of neocolonialism or imperialist incursion. For China, it has been mainly a warning against overly hasty and accelerated efforts in infrastructural development.…”

Section: The Belt and Road Initiative Compared With The Recent Policimentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Integrative Vision: China’s Belt-Road Initiative and Its Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

Huang

2020

Modern China

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For nearly two centuries, China has been trapped in the dilemma of many developing countries, for which the modern West is both the imperialist enemy and the model of development. Its modern and contemporary history has seen violent swings from outright rejection of the West to imitation of it. Today, China is finally working its way toward a more integrative approach, drawing both on its experience of anti-imperialist revolution and of Western-style modernization, and is moving forward with a vision that would attempt to take the best from each of the hitherto either/or approaches. This change is well illustrated by China’s recent Belt and Road Initiative and the launching of the Asian Infrastructure Development Bank. Much of Western scholarship and analyses, however, are still largely mired in an older Cold War Manichaean world view, with a tendency to project onto China simply Machiavellian schemes in the pursuit and uses of power. Even Chinese scholars themselves, under the influence of political science studies that focus mainly on power and its use, have tended to overlook the distinctive Chinese mode of thinking of combining moral vision with practical considerations. Or, they simply restate or elaborate on official statements, without considering their actual practices or their underlying vision. We need a better understanding of the conceptual roots of China’s new perspective and vision in order to grasp its new strategy for development and its new integrative vision for the future. A comparison of the new vision with the recent strategies for rural development in China in the last section of this article will serve to illustrate more completely and clearly differences between the two approaches.

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China's Belt and Road Initiative

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Pakistan in 2020

Pakistan in 2020

Economic perspective of coronavirus ( COVID ‐19)

A New Integrative Vision: China’s Belt-Road Initiative and Its Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

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