China’s Green space system planning: Development, experiences, and characteristics

Zhou, Qingqing; Bosch, Cecil C. Konijnendijk van den; Chen, Zhong‐Guang; Wang, Xiaoyan; Zhu, Liying; Chen, Jingru; Lin, Yuebin; Dong, Jianwen

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127017

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…At present, the research into green space is mainly focused on urban green space planning based on the evaluation [32], adaptation and mitigation of climate change [33], environmental purification and improvement of air quality [7], urban rainwater management [34,35], ecosystem services and social well-being [36,37], and biodiversity conservation in foreign countries [14,15]. In China, scholars mainly focus on the theoretical framework, introduction of domestic and foreign practice cases, identification and extraction of green space, green space landscape design, and rainwater management [38].Urban greenspace planning is a passive or active strategy adopted by highly urbanized countries and regions to cope with urban problems. Since the mid-19th century, European and North American countries have widely incorporated UPGS (e.g., green belt, green heart, green corridor, greenway, ecological network, and ecological infrastructure) into urban planning [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Monitoring of Urban Public Greenspace Planning Using Landscape Metrics in Kunming

Liu

Ding

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Urban greenspace planning plays a crucial role in improving the quality of human settlements and the living standard of citizens. Urban public greenspace (UPGS) is an important part of urban greenspaces. Existing literature rarely includes a scientific evaluation of greenspace plans (including of UPGS) and plan implementation effects. To bridge this gap, this study evaluated and monitored the UPGS plan enacted in 2010 in Kunming, China. Object-based image classification and visual interpretation of satellite images and Google Earth imagery were used to quantify the different periods of UPGS implementation. Six indicators and monitoring at four classic sites were applied to explore the change at two scales (overall scale and district scale) for monitoring the UPGS plan execution. The results showed that UPGS structure greatly improved after plan implementation. However, UPGS provision per capita has not reached the level of greenspace planning and the connectivity was poor. Significant implementation inequalities existed in each district and implementation has lagged behind schedule. This study contributes to a better understanding of greenspace planning and urban planning in general, which can help improve future planning and planning decisions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Monitoring of Urban Public Greenspace Planning Using Landscape Metrics in Kunming

Liu

Ding

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…Since the 1980's, with the continuous education and publicity of the concept of ecological protection, the ecological service function of green space has attracted increasing attention from urban residents in China [3]. Government implemented many landscape greening and forest protecting projects, such as "Garden City", "Livable City" and "Eco-City", to increase the proportion of green space in cities [7,8]. As a result, China's green space has increased 3.65 fold over the past 20 years [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cui et al indicated the proportion of green space in urban built-up area in coastal areas was higher than that in inland areas after comparing the change of green space among 31 provinces of China [11]. Increasing green space area and reducing the imbalance in green space distribution are the infrastructure projects that attracted most attention from the government and local residents at present [7,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years

Weng

Gao

et al. 2021

Land

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The purpose of this study is to reveal the spatial-temporal change and driving factors of green space in coastal cities of southeast China over the past 20 years. A supervised classification method combining support vector machines (SVMs) and visual interpretation was used to extract the green space from Landsat TM/OLI imageries from 2000–2020. The landscape pattern index was used to calculate geospatial information of green space and analyze their spatial-temporal changes. The hierarchical partitioning analysis was then used to determine the influences of anthropogenic and geographic environmental factors on the spatial-temporal changes in green space. The results indicated that the total area of green space remained constant over the past 20 years in coastal cities of southeast China (1% reduction). The spatial change of green space mainly occurred in the area near the ocean and the southern region. 41.37% of forest land was transferred from cultivated land, while 44.56%, 41.83%, 43.20%, 46.31%, 41.98% and 40.20% of shrub land, sparse woodland, other woodland, high-coverage grassland, moderate-coverage grassland and low-coverage grassland were transferred from forest land. The number of patches, patch density, edge density, landscape shape index and Shannon’s diversity index increased from 2000–2015, and then decreased to the minimum in 2020, while largest patch index continued to decline from 2000–2020. The contribution of anthropogenic factors (0.53–0.61) on the spatial-temporal changes of green space continually increased over the past 20 years, which was also higher than geographical environment factors (0.39–0.41). Our study provides a new perspective to distinguish the impact of anthropogenic activities and geographical environmental factors on the change of green space area, thereby providing a theoretical support for the construction and ecological management of green space.

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“…In 2019, the Chinese government issued a policy document 14 requiring all parts of the country to compile Territorial Space Planning (TSP). As an essential part of TSP, GSSP is divided into city-level GSSP and urban-level GSSP 8 , 15 , 16 . In 2020, China has required the provinces to formulate provincial TSP 17 , and the provincial level of GSSP has also become a new research area of GSSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the general lack of primary hydrological data, there are rarely researches on the blue network at the provincial level in China. Many researches are focus on integrated rainwater management 23 , 24 and the impact of water bodies on the microclimate 15 , 16 . As China’ s planning concept of Sponge Cities has been upgraded from a pilot concept to an essential requirement for general city construction, protecting the green–blue corridors has become one of the primary tasks of the GSSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of ecological networks and nodes in Fujian province based on green and blue corridors

Zhou

Bosch

Chen

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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China's Green Space System Planning (GSSP) research has gradually expanded from central urban areas to municipal and provincial scales in recent years. Besides, the research on the role of green space in the water environment has also attracted much attention. However, the study of green corridors usually ignored hydrological data, which widespread absence especially in the large area scale. And the scale of green corridor construction mainly focused on central urban areas. This paper took China's Fujian province as an example. Based on the DEM elevation data, the article identified blue corridors without hydrological data. In addition, the green corridors were determined based on the land use data. According to the green corridors and blue corridors protection, we identified the ecological networks and nodes by the network analysis method. The results showed that the blue corridors identified by DEM data were consistent with the hydrological status quo. The regional status of the identified ecological networks and nodes were basically in line with their characteristics, proving the value of the planning methods. Finally, based on the identification results, suggestions for Fujian's ecological networks and nodes are put forward.

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China’s Green space system planning: Development, experiences, and characteristics

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluation and Monitoring of Urban Public Greenspace Planning Using Landscape Metrics in Kunming

Evaluation and Monitoring of Urban Public Greenspace Planning Using Landscape Metrics in Kunming

Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years

Identification of ecological networks and nodes in Fujian province based on green and blue corridors

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