China's Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A Primer

Liu, Kerry

doi:10.22439/cjas.v37i1.5905

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…From 2010 to 2020, the population concentration of major urban agglomerations in China increased rapidly, and the population of GBA has increased by 35% to 86.1719 million. In 2021, the GDP of the GBA was about 12.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.4 trillion yuan in 5 years compared with 2017, reaching the level of developed countries in the world [ 53 , 54 ]. In summary, the GBA is an urban agglomeration with various complex ecosystems, including cities, forests, wetlands, oceans, rivers, and farmland.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Typical Ecosystem Types by Integrating Active and Passive Time Series Data of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

Wang²,

Gao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The identification of ecosystem types is important in ecological environmental assessment. However, due to cloud and rain and complex land cover characteristics, commonly used ecosystem identification methods have always lacked accuracy in subtropical urban agglomerations. In this study, China’s Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) was taken as a study area, and the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data were used as the fusion of active and passive remote sensing data with time series data to distinguish typical ecosystem types in subtropical urban agglomerations. Our results showed the following: (1) The importance of different features varies widely in different types of ecosystems. For grassland and arable land, two specific texture features (VV_dvar and VH_diss) are most important; in forest and mangrove areas, synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) data for the months of October and September are most important. (2) The use of active time series remote sensing data can significantly improve the classification accuracy by 3.33%, while passive time series remote sensing data improves by 4.76%. When they are integrated, accuracy is further improved, reaching a level of 84.29%. (3) Time series passive data (NDVI) serve best to distinguish grassland from arable land, while time series active data (SAR data) are best able to distinguish mangrove from forest. The integration of active and passive time series data also improves precision in distinguishing vegetation ecosystem types, such as forest, mangrove, arable land, and, especially, grassland, where the accuracy increased by 21.88%. By obtaining real-time and more accurate land cover type change information, this study could better serve regional change detection and ecosystem service function assessment at different scales, thereby supporting decision makers in urban agglomerations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Typical Ecosystem Types by Integrating Active and Passive Time Series Data of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

Wang²,

Gao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Section: Gdpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2018, Hong Kong's output accounted only for around 2.7 per cent of China's total output. In fact, the output of Shenzhen, a Chinese city bordering Hong Kong, surpassed that of Hong Kong in 2017(Liu, 2019c). In terms of economic output, Hong Kong has gradually become less important to Mainland China, if not wholly negligible.China's rapid economic growth was enhanced by the removal of institutional constraints, factor accumulation, and improvements in resource allocation(Cai, Garnaut, & Song, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, this is not the (happy) end of the story. The tense relationship between Hong Kong and Mainland China continues, and this relationship has entered an unprecedentedly difficult period (Liu, 2019c).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The protesters generally object to the growing political encroachment by the Beijing government in Hong Kong's political, economic, and social affairs. Trust in the Beijing government among Hong Kong's citizens has dropped significantly since 2008 (Kwong, 2016;Liu, 2019c).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hong Kong: Inevitably irrelevant to China?

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The protests in Hong Kong that took place in 2019 and are still ongoing in 2020 have attracted worldwide attention. This article presents an analysis of the relationship between Hong Kong and Mainland China through a number of different lenses, including past economic relations in financing, trade, capital flow, and renminbi (the Chinese currency) internationalisation, future economic relations against the

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The Role of Higher Education, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in Bay Areas: Challenges and Opportunities

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China's Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A Primer

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Identification of Typical Ecosystem Types by Integrating Active and Passive Time Series Data of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

Identification of Typical Ecosystem Types by Integrating Active and Passive Time Series Data of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

Hong Kong: Inevitably irrelevant to China?

The Role of Higher Education, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in Bay Areas: Challenges and Opportunities

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