China’s online parrot trade: Generation length and body mass determine sales volume via price

Yin, Ru-Yi; Ye, Yun‐Chun; Newman, Chris; Buesching, Christina D.; Macdonald, David W.; Luo, Yi; Zhou, Zhao‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01047

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…For all the cases (Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ), factors pH and biosorbent dosage exhibited the same influence trend on the removal efficiencies, which was also the result of most of the biosorption works 12 , 27 , 28 . Furthermore, similar to the results of this work 29 , Ekmekyapar et al 30 (for Cu 2+ , biosorbent dosage lower than 5 g l −1 was extracted) and Amini et al 31 (for Cd 2+ ) reported the same trend that increases in pH and biosorbent dose simultaneously with a decrease in initial metal concentration could increase the removal efficiency.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

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Biosorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and their mixture from aqueous solutions by Michelia figo sawdust

Long

Jiang

2021

Sci Rep

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The study aimed at investigating copper, lead, and cadmium removal from both single and mixed metal solutions by Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. wood sawdust treated with 0.5 mol l−1 NaOH for four hours. In order to evaluate the effects of each factor and interactions between factors on metal ion biosorption, a 23 factorial experimental design was applied. FTIR results showed that the metal ions would bind to the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of M. figo wood sawdust biomass. The main effects and interactions of three factors pH (3 and 5), initial metal ion concentration (C0, 0.157 and 1.574 mmol L−1), and dosage of biomass (D, 4 and 10 g L−1) at two levels were analyzed. The most significant variable regarding Cu2+ and Pb2+ biosorption was initial metal iron concentration. For Cd2+, pH was found to be the most significant factor. The maximum removal efficiencies were 94.12 and 100% for Cu2+ and Cd2+, respectively, at conditions of (+ 1, − 1, + 1): pH 5, initial metal concentration 0.157 mmol L−1 and dosage of biomass 10 g L−1, while 96.39% for Pb2+ at conditions of (− 1, − 1, + 1): pH 3, initial metal concentration 0.157 mmol L−1 and dosage of biomass 10 g L−1. There were some interactions between factors: pH*C0 and C0*D for Cu2+, pH*C0, pH*D and C0*D for Pb2+, pH*C0 and C0*D for Cd2+. Biosorption from a multi metal system showed that the presence of Cu2+ and Cd2+ had no significant influence on the Pb2+ removal, while Pb2+ in solution significantly decreased the removal efficiencies of the other two metals.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…From the 1970s to 2010s, heavy metal pollution in surface water has changed from single metal pollution to mixed metal pollution 12 . Simultaneous removal of a mixture of several heavy metals is a cost-effective method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and their mixture from aqueous solutions by Michelia figo sawdust

Long

Jiang

2021

Sci Rep

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“…Another important animal trade that requires attention, outside of exploitation as food, is the supply of pets, like the squirrels and crested myna birds sold in Wuhan’s market. Our previous research found annual trade volumes equivalent to c. 17,000 parrots and c. 160,000 turtles (many turtles being invasive if escaping to the wild) sold online as pets via Taobao.com between 2016–2017, in contravention of China’s WACL and/or the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law 23 – 25 . While not currently the vector of any major viral epidemics, it would be naive to imagine that unconventional pets do not still also pose a serious concern for public health 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal sales from Wuhan wet markets immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic

Xiao

Newman

Buesching

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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115

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Here we document 47,381 individuals from 38 species, including 31 protected species sold between May 2017 and November 2019 in Wuhan’s markets. We note that no pangolins (or bats) were traded, supporting reformed opinion that pangolins were not likely the spillover host at the source of the current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While we caution against the misattribution of COVID-19’s origins, the wild animals on sale in Wuhan suffered poor welfare and hygiene conditions and we detail a range of other zoonotic infections they can potentially vector. Nevertheless, in a precautionary response to COVID-19, China’s Ministries temporarily banned all wildlife trade on 26th Jan 2020 until the COVID-19 pandemic concludes, and permanently banned eating and trading terrestrial wild (non-livestock) animals for food on 24th Feb 2020. These interventions, intended to protect human health, redress previous trading and enforcement inconsistencies, and will have collateral benefits for global biodiversity conservation and animal welfare.

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“…In terms of sanction, threats of punishment and incarceration provide a general deterrent against offending [ 23 , 77 , 78 ], weighed against the likelihood of detection and successful prosecution [ 41 ]. In this sense, the per capita rates of prosecution we report seem rather low, and there is other evidence that minor illegal wildlife trading infringements are not always pursued in China; for example, as evidenced by our own work investigating illegal trade in parrots and turtles [ 41 , 79 ] and the illegal sale of protected species through wet markets [ 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Understanding wildlife crime in China: Socio-demographic profiling and motivation of offenders

et al. 2021

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Wildlife crime presents a growing threat to the integrity of ecological communities. While campaigns have raised consumer awareness, little is known about the socio-demographic profile of wildlife offenders, or how to intervene. Using data from China Judgements Online (2014–2018), we documented 4,735 cases, involving 7,244 offenders who smuggled, hunted, transported, sold and/or purchased protected species in contravention of China’s Criminal Law. Offenders were predominantly men (93.0% of 7,143 offenders), aged 30–44 (43.9% of 4,699), agricultural workers (48.4% of 3,960), with less schooling (78.6% of 4,699 < senior secondary school). Socio-economic profiles related to crime seriousness, the type of illegal activity, motivation and taxon involved. These generalizations reveal scope to tailor specific intervention and mitigation approaches to offender profiles, through public information campaigns, proactive incentives opposed by punitive disincentives, and provision of alternative incomes.

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China’s online parrot trade: Generation length and body mass determine sales volume via price

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Biosorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and their mixture from aqueous solutions by Michelia figo sawdust

Biosorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and their mixture from aqueous solutions by Michelia figo sawdust

Animal sales from Wuhan wet markets immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic

Understanding wildlife crime in China: Socio-demographic profiling and motivation of offenders

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