Polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (PMOFs) as extended solids assembled from metal-oxide cluster units and metal-organic groups have been widely concerned in recent years because of their unique advantages containing both polyoxometalate (POM) and metal-organic framework (MOF) units as well as their multifunctional applications in catalysis, sensing, energy storage, etc. In this review, recent progresses in syntheses, structural diversity and potential applications of PMOFs are summarized. In the structural aspect, two categories of PMOFs (POM@MOFs and POM-MOFs) have been discussed: POM@MOFs refer to the PMOFs in which POM units are not involved in coordination with MOFs whereas POM-MOFs are the PMOFs in which POM units coordinate with MOFs. In the regard of properties, some application explorations on catalysis, dye adsorption and degradation, chemical sensing and energy storage have been selectively stated. Finally, personal outlook and viewpoints on this field have been given. It is expected that this review can supply some fulfilling inspiration and helpful tips for the rational design of function-oriented PMOFs in the future.