Chitosan and its derivatives for tissue engineering applications

Kim, In Yong; Seo, Seog Jin; Moon, Hee Sun; Yoo, Mi Kyong; Park, In Young; Kim, Bom Chol; Cho, Chong Su

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.07.009

Cited by 1,293 publications

(637 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide that is biocompatible and biodegradable and therefore has been used in a wide variety of tissue engineering applications [52]. Chitosan hydrogels can be formed upon mixing commercially produced chitosan with a glycerol phosphate and glyoxal solution.…”

Section: Natural Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Acellular Hydrogels for Cardiac Repair

Tous

Purcell

Ifkovits

et al. 2011

J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res.

152

136

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Injectable hydrogels are being developed as potential translatable materials to influence the cascade of events that occur after myocardial infarction. These hydrogels, consisting of both synthetic and natural materials, form through numerous chemical crosslinking and assembly mechanisms and can be used as bulking agents or for the delivery of biological molecules. Specifically, a range of materials are being applied that alter the resulting mechanical and biological signals after infarction and have shown success in reducing stresses in the myocardium and limiting the resulting adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Additionally, the delivery of molecules from injectable hydrogels can influence cellular processes such as apoptosis and angiogenesis in cardiac tissue or can be used to recruit stem cells for repair. There is still considerable work to be performed to elucidate the mechanisms of these injectable hydrogels and to optimize their various properties (e.g., mechanics and degradation profiles). Furthermore, although the experimental findings completed to date in small animals are promising, future work needs to focus on the use of large animal models in clinically relevant scenarios. Interest in this therapeutic approach is high due to the potential for developing percutaneous therapies to limit LV remodeling and to prevent the onset of congestive heart failure that occurs with loss of global LV function. This review focuses on recent efforts to develop these injectable and acellular hydrogels to aid in cardiac repair.

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Section: Natural Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Acellular Hydrogels for Cardiac Repair

Tous

Purcell

Ifkovits

et al. 2011

J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res.

152

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, RNA quality can be compromised during the cell lysis steps of the extraction in cationic scaffolds, such as those prepared from chitosan, as insoluble ionic complexes can form with existing soluble anions, including polysaccharides, glycosaminoglycans, and DNA fragments. 5,6 Thus, conventional RNA extraction techniques used for two-dimensional cell cultures or whole tissues that rely on monophasic phenol and guanidine isothiocyanate solutions or the use of b-mercaptoethanol, N-laurosylsarcosine (sarkosyl), and density gradient centrifugation in cesium trifluoroacetate alone may not be adequate. [7][8][9] In a recent publication, several methods were explored based on the premise that plant-based RNA extraction techniques could be applied to polysaccharide scaffolds due to their similarity in structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for the Isolation of High-Quality RNA from Cells Encapsulated in Chitosan Hydrogels

Young

Russo

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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Extracting high-quality RNA from hydrogels containing polysaccharide components is challenging, as traditional RNA isolation techniques designed for cells and tissues can have limited yields and purity due to physiochemical interactions between the nucleic acids and the biomaterials. In this study, a comparative analysis of several different RNA isolation methods was performed on human adipose-derived stem cells photoencapsulated within methacrylated glycol chitosan hydrogels. The results demonstrated that RNA isolation methods with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) buffer followed by purification with an RNeasy Ò mini kit resulted in low yields of RNA, except when the samples were preminced directly within the buffer. In addition, genomic DNA contamination during reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was observed in the hydrogels processed with the CTAB-based methods. Isolation methods using TRIzol Ò in combination with one of a Qiaex Ò gel extraction kit, an RNeasy Ò mini kit, or an extended solvent purification method extracted RNA suitable for gene amplification, with no evidence of genomic contamination. The latter two methods yielded the best results in terms of yield and amplification efficiency. Predigestion of the scaffolds with lysozyme was investigated as a possible means of enhancing RNA extraction from the polysaccharide gels, with no improvements observed in terms of the purity, yield, or amplification efficiency. Overall, this work highlights the application of a TRIzol Ò + extended solvent purification method for optimizing RNA extraction that can be applied to obtain reliable and accurate gene expression data in studies investigating cells seeded in chitosan-based scaffolds.

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“…chemical structure of chitosan nearly resembles the chemical structure of GAG, a natural biopolymer found in tissues and ECM. [14] It has been reported to promote cell adhesion, growth, and subsequent differentiation. Chitosan-based scaffolds have been extensively studied for bone and cartilage tissue engineering applications.…”

Section: Scaffold Fabrication Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of poly(L-lactide) and chitosan composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration

Mallick

Pal

Rastogi

et al. 2016

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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The present study delineates the development of chitosan and poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds cross-linked using a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), n-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and chondroitin sulfate (CS) for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Chitosan and PLLA were varied in concentration for developing scaffolds and prepared by freeze-drying method. The various scaffolds were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity by mercury intrusion porosimeter, and the molecular interactions among polymers using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to predict the thermal properties of the scaffolds. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were studied using static mechanical tester. The ability of the scaffolds to support chondrocyte proliferation was also studied. The microscopy suggests that the pore size of the scaffolds varied with the composition in the range of 38-172 μm and the porosities in the range of 73-93%. The XRD and the FTIR studies suggested that an alternation in the composition of the scaffolds altered the molecular interactions among the scaffold components. An increase in the chitosan content enhanced the swelling property. The degradation of the scaffolds was least when the proportion of chitosan and PLLA was in the ratio of 70:30. The in vitro cell proliferation study suggested that the developed scaffolds were able to support chondrogenesis, the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the mature chondrocyte was 40 μg/ml and the viability was approximately 90%. Hence, the so designed scaffolds may be tried for cartilage tissue engineering applications.

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Chitosan and its derivatives for tissue engineering applications

Cited by 1,293 publications

References 156 publications

Injectable Acellular Hydrogels for Cardiac Repair

Injectable Acellular Hydrogels for Cardiac Repair

Techniques for the Isolation of High-Quality RNA from Cells Encapsulated in Chitosan Hydrogels

Evaluation of poly(L-lactide) and chitosan composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration

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