Chitosan Application for Treatment of Beni-Amrane's Water Dam

Abstract

Chitosan is a biopolymer, biodegradable, non-toxic and widely abundant in nature. Our study presents an investigation on the application of this biopolymer in treatment of Beni-Amrane dam water by coagulation flocculation process. In this study, the raw water from Beni-Amrane dam characterized by high turbidity was treated using chitosan as primary flocculant and as coagulant aid with aluminum sulfate (alum). The performance of this process was evaluated by measuring the supernatant residual turbidity for various values of chitosan concentrations. The obtained results are in favor of chitosan. With low concentrations, chitosane used alone is able to reducing 85% of initial turbidity. In the case of using chitosane in combination with alum, highest turbidity removal (97 %) was carried out with 0. 15 mg/l of chitosan and 20 mg/l after 45 minutes of settling time. At this value, a very low residual aluminum (0, 02 mg/l) was registered. The organic carbon contribution on the turbidity coagulation flocculation performance is negligible because chitosan is used in small doses. Hence, chitosan could be used as natural coagulant aid for drinking water treatment with lowest risks of organic release. These properties, combined with its non-toxicity, make the chitosan as the best substitute to conventional synthetic polyelectrolytes used so far.

The Potential of Small Dams for Conjunctive Water Management in Rural Municipalities

“…The use of water from neighbouring large dams (e.g., the Pinhão River dam with a storage capacity of 4.2 Mm 3 ; ) has not been attempted. Normally, the quality of surface water in large dams is poor because of multiple anthropogenic inputs [37,38] and therefore requires expensive treatment [39]. Besides the quality issue, the large dam solution would eventually imply a loss of municipal autonomy concerning drinking water supply to the population, because large dams are frequently exploited by private companies.…”

Penggunaan Ferri Klorida dan Kitosan Cangkang Kepiting sebagai Alternatif Koagulan pada Pengolahan Air Limbah Laundry

“…Pengembangan koagulan ramah lingkungan sebagai pengganti koagulan kimia cukup meningkat karena peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya aspek kesehatan dan lingkungan. Polimer organik alami (biopolimer) dapat diproduksi secara alami atau diekstraksi dari hewan, jaringan tanaman, atau mikoorganisme (Zemmouri et al, 2013).Kitosan merupakan salah satu jenis biopolimer yang dapat disintesis dari limbah cangkang crustacea seperti kepiting serta dapatdiaplikasikan sebagai alternatif pembuatan biokoagulan.Kitosan merupakan biopolimer kationik yang terbentuk dari deasetilasi parsial komponen kitin oleh alkali NaOH. Struktur kitosan berbentuk aminopolisakarida hidrofilik linier dengan struktur kaku yang terdiri dari unit glukosamin dan asetil glukosamin.…”

Sewage Polluted Water Treatment via Chitosan: A Review

“…It is also obvious that a combination of CS with other techniques seems to be favored rather than the direct application as flocculant [21]. The addition of CS could significantly lower the amount of coagulant required or enhance floc formation, approved for the flocculation of a model system with clay or bentonite, the conditioning of groundwater or for clarification of pulp and paper mill wastewater [21,32,33]. Such a process is exemplary provided for the synergistic action with Fe salts shown in Figure 1.…”