Chitosan associated with whole raw soybean in diets for Murrah buffaloes on ruminal fermentation, apparent digestibility and nutrients metabolism

Dias, Lais S. B.; Silva, Dayane de S.; Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Araújo, Maria Leonor Garcia Melo Lopes de; Silva, Fabiano F. da; Pereira, Mara Lúcia Albuquerque; Gandra, Jefferson Rodrigues; Lima, Victor Guimarães Oliveira; Santos, Antônio Carneiro Santana dos; Bulcão, Lucas Fialho de Aragão; Leite, Vitor Barbanti Pereira; Júnior, José Esler de Freitas

doi:10.1111/asj.13435

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Rumen pH values were not modified, maybe because of the low grain (starch) included in rations and the rumen buffering activity, and therefore, populations of fibrolytic bacteria were not affected. Hence, the apparent digestibility of NDF showed no effect, which agrees with previous experiments in buffaloes [56].…”

Section: Rumen Fermentation Parameterssupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Chitosan and Naringin on Enteric Methane Emissions in Crossbred Heifers Fed Tropical Grass

Jiménez-Ocampo

Montoya-Flores²,

Herrera-Torres³

et al. 2021

Animals

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In order to meet consumer needs, the livestock industry is increasingly seeking natural feed additives with the ability to improve the efficiency of nutrient utilization, alternatives to antibiotics, and mitigate methane emissions in ruminants. Chitosan (CHI) is a polysaccharide with antimicrobial capability against protozoa and Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, fungi, and yeasts while naringin (NA) is a flavonoid with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. First, an in vitro gas production experiment was performed adding 0, 1.5, 3.0 g/kg of CHI and NA under a completely randomized design. The substrate containing forage and concentrate in a 70:30 ratio on a dry matter (DM) basis. Compounds increased the concentration of propionic acid, and a significant reduction in methane production was observed with the inclusion of CHI at 1.5 g/kg in in vitro experiments (p < 0.001). In a dry matter rumen degradability study for 96 h, there were no differences in potential and effective degradability. In the in vivo study, six crossbred heifers fitted with rumen cannulas were assigned to a 6 × 6 Latin square design according to the following treatments: control (CTL), no additive; chitosan (CHI1, 1.5 g/kg DMI); (CHI2, 3.0 g/kg DMI); naringin (NA1, 1.5 g/kg DMI); (NA2, 3.0 g/kg DMI) and a mixture of CHI and NA (1.5 + 1.5 g/kg DMI) given directly through the rumen cannula. Additives did not affect rumen fermentation (p > 0.05), DM intake and digestibility of (p > 0.05), and enteric methane emissions (p > 0.05). CHI at a concentration of 1.5 g/kg DM in in vitro experiments had a positive effect on fermentation pattern increasing propionate and reduced methane production. In contrast, in the in vivo studies, there was not a positive effect on rumen fermentation, nor in enteric methane production in crossbred heifers fed a basal ration of tropical grass.

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Section: Rumen Fermentation Parameterssupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Chitosan and Naringin on Enteric Methane Emissions in Crossbred Heifers Fed Tropical Grass

Jiménez-Ocampo

Montoya-Flores²,

Herrera-Torres³

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…There was no significant difference in the effect of chitosan supplementation on ruminal pH (Dias et al 2020); the same condition was found in this study. With an average pH value of 6.49 for all treatments, this pH is in the normal range suggested by Kong et al (2010), and the pKa of the molecules is 6.3-6.5.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…After the maximum rate of degradation is reached, the size of the potentially degradable and non-degradable fractions would no longer change. The characteristics of the substrate would then be the only factor considered after that (Dias et al 2020). Higher protein content in TMR silage treated with chitosan influences higher crude protein digestibility among other treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in sacco evaluation of total mixed ration silage added different levels of chitosan

Anggraeni,

Jayanegara,

Sofyan

et al. 2024

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of chitosan administration to total mixed ration (TMR) silage on ruminal fermentation characteristics and degradability by using both in vitro and in sacco methods. The completely randomized design (CRD) used in this study included five treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of TMR silage with distilled water as control (SA), TMR with 1% acetic acid (SB), 0.5% chitosan in 1% acetic acid diluent (SC), 1% chitosan in 1% acetic acid diluent (SD), and 1.5% chitosan in 1% acetic acid diluent (SE). The variables observed were ruminal fermentation parameters, methane production and in sacco nutrient degradability. Results revealed that adding 1-1.5% chitosan (SD and SE treatments) reduced (P < 0.05) total protozoa, total gas production, methane production, the percentage of acetic acid, and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid, while it increased (P < 0.05) the proportion of propionic acid. The addition of chitosan (SE treatment) decreased (P < 0.05) the degradation of dry matter, but it increased (P < 0.05) the degradability of organic matter and crude protein, as determined by in sacco analysis.

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“…Increasing propionate concentrations with the inclusion of CHI and CNSLt in the ruminant diet has been described by several authors (Mitsumori et al, 2014;Branco et al, 2015;Henry et al, 2015;Dias et al, 2017;Dias et al, 2020). This increase in ruminal propionate concentration is attributed to the antimicrobial characteristics of CHI and CNSLt (Henry et al, 2015;Konda et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Chitosan is the most important derivative of chitin, the second most important natural biopolymer in the world, extracted from crustaceans, shrimps, and crabs (Pedro et al, 2020). It has been shown to have the ability to decrease methane emission by up to 42% (in vitro study; Belanche et al, 2016a;Harahap et al, 2020), increase propionate concentration (Dias et al, 2020;Dias et al, 2017), and act as a ruminal fermentation modulator (Goiri et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan combined with technical cashew nut shell liquid improves in vitro ruminal parameters and gas production kinetics

Vieira¹,

Goes²,

Díaz³

et al. 2022

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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The objective was to evaluate the inclusion of chitosan (CHI) and technical cashew nut shell liquid (CNSLt) as natural feed additives in cattle diets on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro gas production kinetics. We conducted a completely randomized design with 5×4 factorial arrangement, with 20, 35, 50, 65, and 100% Tifton 85 hay and four additives, monensin (200 mg/kg DM), CNSLt (500 mg/kg DM), CHI (500 mg/kg DM), and CNSLt+CHI (500 mg/kg DM/each). Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility showed a linear reduction according to forage levels. The highest DM digestibility was observed with CHI on cattle diets. Inclusion of CHI increased DM digestibility. The highest in vitro organic matter and crude protein (CP) digestibilities were observed for CNSLt+CHI. The in vitro dry matter digestibility increased linearly with concentrate in the diet. There was interaction of forage:concentrate ratio and the additives for neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose digestibility. Chitosan, CNSLt, and CNSLt+CHI promoted the lowest acetate:propionate ratio compared with monensin. Total gas production showed interaction of the forage:concentrate ratio and additives. Lag time was lowest with CNSLt+CHI. Chitosan and CNSLt can be considered alternative fermentation modulators to ionophores by improving nutrient digestibility and increasing ruminal propionate concentrations.

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Chitosan associated with whole raw soybean in diets for Murrah buffaloes on ruminal fermentation, apparent digestibility and nutrients metabolism

Cited by 7 publications

References 86 publications

Effect of Chitosan and Naringin on Enteric Methane Emissions in Crossbred Heifers Fed Tropical Grass

Effect of Chitosan and Naringin on Enteric Methane Emissions in Crossbred Heifers Fed Tropical Grass

In vitro and in sacco evaluation of total mixed ration silage added different levels of chitosan

Chitosan combined with technical cashew nut shell liquid improves in vitro ruminal parameters and gas production kinetics

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