Chitosan Based Nanocomposites as Efficient Adsorbents for Water Treatment

Ahmad, Nafees; Sultana, Saima; Khan, Mohammad Zain; Sabir, Suhail

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-08283-3_4

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…80,81 Functionalization not only improves the stability of chitosan but also enhances the efficiency for the removal of heavy metal ions. 82,83 Furthermore, using an external magnetic field, magnetic chitosan can be easily removed from the reaction medium. However, the main drawback that limits the use of chitosan at the industrial level is its low solubility in aqueous media.…”

Section: Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve its adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions, chitosan must be functionalized. Chitosan can be easily modified by exploiting the reactivity of the primary amino group (−NH 2 ) and the primary and secondary hydroxyl groups (−OH), with sodium alginate, polymers, magnetic nanoparticles, and hydroxyapatite being the most commonly used modifiers. , Functionalization not only improves the stability of chitosan but also enhances the efficiency for the removal of heavy metal ions. , Furthermore, using an external magnetic field, magnetic chitosan can be easily removed from the reaction medium. However, the main drawback that limits the use of chitosan at the industrial level is its low solubility in aqueous media.…”

Section: Adsorption Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges as an Environmentally Sustainable Solution for Water Treatment: A Review

Goyal

Amar

Gulati

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Over the past few decades, the disposal of various industrial pollutants such as organic dyes, heavy metal ions, pesticides, and phenolic compounds has led to the deterioration of the quality of freshwater; even with the 70% water coverage over the earth, there is meager access to freshwater sources. Against the drawbacks of conventional water purification methods such as sludge production and generation of toxic byproducts, the adsorption process is regarded as an efficient and economical strategy for the treatment of wastewater. Among various available adsorbents, cyclodextrin-based nanosponges have evolved as prominent adsorbents for treating wastewater and are considered a cost-effective option with minimal energy and time requirements. Owing to their porous nature, cone-like structure, cross-linked three-dimensional network, and special architecture of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties wherein the hydrophobic core can form inclusion complexes with pollutants via host−guest interactions while hydrophilic edges interact with pollutants through hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions, they are effective adsorbents for the removal of a variety of pollutants such as heavy metals, organic dyes, phenols, and pesticides. Additionally, the number of active sites in these nanosponges could be enhanced by hybridizing with other adsorbents or by functionalization with magnetic nanoparticles. This review deliberates various water purification methods and underlines the limitations of using other conventional methods over adsorption. The strategies to synthesize β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges deploying various cross-linkers and their further modifications have been discussed in detail. Finally, the application of these nanosponges for the effective removal of assorted pollutants from wastewater highlighting the adsorption mechanism in certain cases is cogitated.

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Section: Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adsorption Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges as an Environmentally Sustainable Solution for Water Treatment: A Review

Goyal

Amar

Gulati

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Furthermore, polymer-based nanomaterials also find applications as adsorbents for organic and inorganic pollutants [105,106] and as catalysts for water purification [107], etc.…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Membranes and Composites for Safe, Potable, and Usable Water: A Survey of Recent Advances

2020

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In the past decades, the demand for potable and usable water has been on a continual increase, while its availability has been on an exponential decline. Studies have argued that, by 2050, only a small fraction of the world's population will have access to clean and safe water, thereby exposing a significant portion of the population to a serious water crisis. Large volumes of wastewater are generated yearly, both domestically and industrially, and the necessity to develop effective and efficient strategies and technologies to recover these wastewaters and turn them into safe and reusable waters is a momentous concern among scientists and policymakers. Across the globe, governments are developing approaches and strategies to mitigate both short-and long-term water challenges resulting from various anthropogenic activities that have contributed to the rising degradation of water quality, coupled with the attendant negative impact of natural disasters, increasing urbanization, among others. Notwithstanding, the advancements in nanotechnology have made it possible to engineer novel and innovative polymer-based materials and composites that possess desirable and even predictable properties for targeted applications, which has presented the opportunity for the development of cost-effective nanotechnologies and processes employed in water remediation, reclamation, purification, and treatment processes worldwide. Nevertheless, these innovative technologies and processes have also been shown to have their limitations and challenges in the enhancement of water quality. Herein we survey the current advancement of selected polymer-based membranes and composites and their intervention for the production of safe, potable, and usable water, as well as their limitations, challenges, recommendations, and future perspectives.

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“…[9] Due to its stimulating properties and numerous potential applications in several different scientific areas, its composite forms are in huge demand. [10][11][12][13][14] Its composite forms can contain organic crystalline forms such as graphene sheets, specifically GO or r-GO, which has attracted a lot of attention. [15][16][17][18] Chitosan (CS) has gained substantial attraction in various applications, including water treatment, better chemical stability and air purification, filtration membranes, packaging, bioengineering, medical diagnostics, and drug delivery, due to its superior biomedical applications, electronic sensors, biodegradability, and numerous biological groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable CS/r‐GO Polymer Nanocomposites: Green Synthesis and Characterizations

Dhayal,

Leel,

Hasan

et al. 2024

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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The study herein is directed toward the tuning of various properties of recyclable and biocompatible polymer: chitosan (CS) via incorporating the variable wt% of r‐GO in the polymer. The CS/r‐GO polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) are prepared in the form of free‐standing film by solution mixing and casting technique. To search the potential applications, the prepared PNCs are characterized in terms of structural, photoluminescence (PL), surface morphology, optical, and Raman spectra. The crystalline size and microstrain both are enhanced with rise in wt% of r‐GO nanofiller. Raman spectra confirm that as the wt% of r‐GO increases, there is a minor shift toward a smaller wavenumber in the locations of the D, G, and 2D bands, while the intensity ratios ) increase. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy results are capable of offering details regarding the surface quality for the interface purposes. The characteristic peaks and their broadening in PL spectra, chromaticity coordinates, dominant wavelength, and correlated color temperature are altered with variation of r‐GO wt.%. The optical bandgap, refractive index, and Urbach energy are found to tune with varying the nanofiller wt.%. These results suggest that CS/r‐GO PNC may be the potential candidate for possible application in fabricating the tunable optoelectronic devices.

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Chitosan Based Nanocomposites as Efficient Adsorbents for Water Treatment

Cited by 23 publications

References 70 publications

Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges as an Environmentally Sustainable Solution for Water Treatment: A Review

Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges as an Environmentally Sustainable Solution for Water Treatment: A Review

Polymer-Based Membranes and Composites for Safe, Potable, and Usable Water: A Survey of Recent Advances

Recyclable CS/r‐GO Polymer Nanocomposites: Green Synthesis and Characterizations

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