Chitosan nanoparticles loaded the herbicide paraquat: The influence of the aquatic humic substances on the colloidal stability and toxicity

Grillo, Renato; Clemente, Zaira; Oliveira, Jhones Luis; Campos, Estefânia Vangelie Ramos; Chalupe, Victor C.; Jonsson, Cláudio Martín; Lima, Renata de; Sanches, Gabriela; Nishisaka, Caroline Sayuri; Rosa, André Henrique; Oehlke, Kathleen; Greiner, Ralf; Fraceto, Leonardo Fernandes

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.021

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Factors that can influence nanopesticide bioavailability and toxicity include particle size distribution, particle number concentration, surface charge, release rate, and the ratio between the free and nanoparticle-loaded pesticide fractions (Kookana et al, 2014 ). In addition, environmental variables such as pH, ionic strength, light, temperature, microorganisms, and natural organic matter can also change the degree of dispersion or agglomeration of nanomaterials over time, modifying their fate and behavior in the environment (Mohd et al, 2014 ; Wagner et al, 2014 ; Grillo et al, 2015a , b ). The literature reports several studies concerning the bioavailability, toxicity, and fate of atrazine in the environment [Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2012 ]; however, investigations involving nanopesticides remain scarce (Kah and Hofmann, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the aim of minimizing the contamination of natural resources by atrazine, our research group has developed carrier systems for this herbicide based on diverse types of nanoparticles, including polymeric nanocapsules (Grillo et al, 2012 , 2014 ; Pereira et al, 2014 ) and nanospheres (Pereira et al, 2014 ; Grillo et al, 2015a ), and solid lipid nanoparticles (de Oliveira et al, 2015 ). In particular, nanocapsules prepared with poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL), a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, have emerged as a carrier system for atrazine with potential for application in agriculture (Grillo et al, 2012 ; Pereira et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the side effects of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules containing atrazine toward maize plants

et al. 2015

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Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocapsules have been used as a carrier system for the herbicide atrazine, which is commonly applied to maize. We demonstrated previously that these atrazine containing polymeric nanocapsules were 10-fold more effective in the control of mustard plants (a target species), as compared to a commercial atrazine formulation. Since atrazine can have adverse effects on non-target crops, here we analyzed the effect of encapsulated atrazine on growth, physiological and oxidative stress parameters of soil-grown maize plants (Zea mays L.). One day after the post-emergence treatment with PCL nanocapsules containing atrazine (1 mg mL−1), maize plants presented 15 and 21% decreases in maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) and in net CO2 assimilation rate, respectively, as compared to water-sprayed plants. The same treatment led to a 1.8-fold increase in leaf lipid peroxidation in comparison with control plants. However, all of these parameters were unaffected 4 and 8 days after the application of encapsulated atrazine. These results suggested that the negative effects of atrazine were transient, probably due to the ability of maize plants to detoxify the herbicide. When encapsulated atrazine was applied at a 10-fold lower concentration (0.1 mg mL−1), a dosage that is still effective for weed control, no effects were detected even shortly after application. Regardless of the herbicide concentration, neither pre- nor post-emergence treatment with the PCL nanocapsules carrying atrazine resulted in the development of any macroscopic symptoms in maize leaves, and there were no impacts on shoot growth. Additionally, no effects were observed when plants were sprayed with PCL nanocapsules without atrazine. Overall, these results suggested that the use of PCL nanocapsules containing atrazine did not lead to persistent side effects in maize plants, and that the technique could offer a safe tool for weed control without affecting crop growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the side effects of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules containing atrazine toward maize plants

et al. 2015

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“…Furthering the work, Grillo et al [104] coated polymeric nanoparticles with different concentrations of chitosan to improve adhesion to target plants, but relied on the previous literature to prove that changing the bonds would provide better adhesion, as no adhesion studies were conducted. Grillo et al [106] also studied the influence of aquatic humic substances, a complex of natural macromolecules in the environment, on paraquat-loaded chitosan. Allium cepa genotoxicity studies and ecotoxicity assays with the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata showed that paraquat-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, in the presence of aquatic humic substances, decreased the toxicity, highlighting the need for more field trials in pesticide-loaded nanoparticle studies.…”

Section: Nanoparticles As Carriers For Herbicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology for Plant Disease Management

et al. 2018

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Each year, 20%–40% of crops are lost due to plant pests and pathogens. Existing plant disease management relies predominantly on toxic pesticides that are potentially harmful to humans and the environment. Nanotechnology can offer advantages to pesticides, like reducing toxicity, improving the shelf-life, and increasing the solubility of poorly water-soluble pesticides, all of which could have positive environmental impacts. This review explores the two directions in which nanoparticles can be utilized for plant disease management: either as nanoparticles alone, acting as protectants; or as nanocarriers for insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and RNA-interference molecules. Despite the several potential advantages associated with the use of nanoparticles, not many nanoparticle-based products have been commercialized for agricultural application. The scarcity of commercial applications could be explained by several factors, such as an insufficient number of field trials and underutilization of pest–crop host systems. In other industries, nanotechnology has progressed rapidly, and the only way to keep up with this advancement for agricultural applications is by understanding the fundamental questions of the research and addressing the scientific gaps to provide a rational and facilitate the development of commercial nanoproducts.

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“…These include the modified release of pesticides and fertilizers89101112, nanosensors for the detection of pesticides in the environment13, and the control of phytopathogens141516. Among the metallic nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are highlighted due to their antimicrobial properties17.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biogenic silver nanoparticles based on trichoderma harzianum: synthesis, characterization, toxicity evaluation and biological activity

Guilger

Pasquoto-Stigliani

Bilesky-José

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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147

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White mold is an agricultural disease caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which affects important crops. There are different ways of controlling this organism, but none provides inhibition of its resistance structures (sclerotia). Nanotechnology offers promising applications in agricultural area. Here, silver nanoparticles were biogenically synthesized using the fungus Trichoderma harzianum and characterized. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated, and the nanoparticles were initially tested against white mold sclerotia. Their effects on soybean were also investigated with no effects observed. The nanoparticles showed potential against S. sclerotiorum, inhibiting sclerotia germination and mycelial growth. Nanoparticle characterization data indicated spherical morphology, satisfactory polydispersity and size distribution. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays showed that the nanoparticles caused both the effects, although, the most toxic concentrations were above those applied for white mold control. Given the potential of the nanoparticles against S. sclerotiorum, we conclude that this study presents a first step for a new alternative in white mold control.

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Chitosan nanoparticles loaded the herbicide paraquat: The influence of the aquatic humic substances on the colloidal stability and toxicity

Cited by 79 publications

References 75 publications

Evaluation of the side effects of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules containing atrazine toward maize plants

Evaluation of the side effects of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules containing atrazine toward maize plants

Nanotechnology for Plant Disease Management

Biogenic silver nanoparticles based on trichoderma harzianum: synthesis, characterization, toxicity evaluation and biological activity

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