Chitosan Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Roacho-Pérez, Jorge A.; Garza-Treviño, Elsa N.; Moncada‐Saucedo, Nidia K.; Carriquiry-Chequer, Pablo A.; Valencia-Gómez, Laura Elizabeth; Matthews, E. Renee; Flores, Víctor Gómez; Simental‐Mendía, Mario; Delgado-González, Paulina; Delgado-Gallegos, Juan Luis; Padilla‐Rivas, Gerardo R.; Islas, José Francisco

doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0305.v1

2022

DOI: 10.20944/preprints202203.0305.v1

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Chitosan Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Jorge A. Roacho-Pérez¹,

Elsa N. Garza-Treviño²,

Nidia K. Moncada‐Saucedo³

et al.

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases complication can give rise to myocardial infarction which produces cell death by blockage of blood flow, leading to loss of heart function. Current treatments directed at heart repair have several disadvantages such as the lack of donors for heart transplantation or the use of non-bioactive inert materials for replacement of the damage tissue. New treatment strategies involve stimulation of heart tissue regeneration with … Show more

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Cited by 13 publications

References 106 publications

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The Long and Winding Road to Cardiac Regeneration

Sacco,

Castaldo,

Di Meglio

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Cardiac regeneration is a critical endeavor in the treatment of heart diseases, aimed at repairing and enhancing the structure and function of damaged myocardium. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current advancements and strategies in cardiac regeneration, with a specific focus on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering-based approaches. Stem cell-based therapies, which involve the utilization of adult stem cells and pluripotent stem cells hold immense potential for replenishing lost cardiomyocytes and facilitating cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. Tissue engineering also plays a prominent role employing synthetic or natural biomaterials, engineering cardiac patches and grafts with suitable properties, and fabricating upscale bioreactors to create functional constructs for cardiac recovery. These constructs can be transplanted into the heart to provide mechanical support and facilitate tissue healing. Additionally, the production of organoids and chips that accurately replicate the structure and function of the whole organ is an area of extensive research. Despite significant progress, several challenges persist in the field of cardiac regeneration. These include enhancing cell survival and engraftment, achieving proper vascularization, and ensuring the long-term functionality of engineered constructs. Overcoming these obstacles and offering effective therapies to restore cardiac function could improve the quality of life for individuals with heart diseases.

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The Long and Winding Road to Cardiac Regeneration

Sacco,

Castaldo,

Di Meglio

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Biological Scaffolds for Congenital Heart Disease

et al. 2023

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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most predominant birth defect and can require several invasive surgeries throughout childhood. The absence of materials with growth and remodelling potential is a limitation of currently used prosthetics in cardiovascular surgery, as well as their susceptibility to calcification. The field of tissue engineering has emerged as a regenerative medicine approach aiming to develop durable scaffolds possessing the ability to grow and remodel upon implantation into the defective hearts of babies and children with CHD. Though tissue engineering has produced several synthetic scaffolds, most of them failed to be successfully translated in this life-endangering clinical scenario, and currently, biological scaffolds are the most extensively used. This review aims to thoroughly summarise the existing biological scaffolds for the treatment of paediatric CHD, categorised as homografts and xenografts, and present the preclinical and clinical studies. Fixation as well as techniques of decellularisation will be reported, highlighting the importance of these approaches for the successful implantation of biological scaffolds that avoid prosthetic rejection. Additionally, cardiac scaffolds for paediatric CHD can be implanted as acellular prostheses, or recellularised before implantation, and cellularisation techniques will be extensively discussed.

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A Co-Culture System for Studying Cellular Interactions in Vascular Disease

Padmanaban,

Ganesan,

Ramkumar

2024

Bioengineering

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, characterized by complications such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. The vascular endothelium, forming the inner lining of blood vessels, plays a pivotal role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. The dysfunction of endothelial cells contributes significantly to the progression of CVDs, particularly through impaired cellular communication and paracrine signaling with other cell types, such as smooth muscle cells and macrophages. In recent years, co-culture systems have emerged as advanced in vitro models for investigating these interactions and mimicking the pathological environment of CVDs. This review provides an in-depth analysis of co-culture models that explore endothelial cell dysfunction and the role of cellular interactions in the development of vascular diseases. It summarizes recent advancements in multicellular co-culture models, their physiological and therapeutic relevance, and the insights they provide into the molecular mechanisms underlying CVDs. Additionally, we evaluate the advantages and limitations of these models, offering perspectives on how they can be utilized for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and drug testing in cardiovascular research.

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Chitosan Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Cited by 13 publications

References 106 publications

The Long and Winding Road to Cardiac Regeneration

The Long and Winding Road to Cardiac Regeneration

Biological Scaffolds for Congenital Heart Disease

A Co-Culture System for Studying Cellular Interactions in Vascular Disease

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