Chitosan supplementation lowers serum lipids and maintains normal calcium, magnesium, and iron status in hyperlipidemic patients

Liao, Fang‐Hsuean; Shieh, Ming‐Jer; Chang, Nen-Chung; Chien, Yi Wen

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.01.009

Cited by 65 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…14,15 In the 6 mo before chewing gum exposure, patients were administered a protein diet content of 1.2 g/kg per d. Patients' age; gender; dialytic age; sevelamer hydrochloride daily dosage and number of pills per day; and average serum PO 4 , Ca 2ϩ , and PTH levels in the 6 mo before chewing gum exposure are reported in Table 2. Patients were consecutively recruited to the study when they requested a repeat prescription of sevelamer.…”

Section: Clinical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Savica

Calò

Monardo

et al. 2009

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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In uremic patients, hyperphosphatemia is associated with cardiovascular calcification and increased cardiovascular mortality. Despite the use of phosphate binders, only half of hemodialysis (HD) patients achieve recommended serum phosphate levels. A hyperphosphoric salivary content, which correlates linearly with serum phosphate, has been reported in HD patients. We hypothesized that binding salivary phosphate during periods of fasting in addition to using phosphate binders with meals could improve the treatment of hyperphosphatemia. We assessed the phosphate-binding capacity of the natural polymer chitosan by 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance and established that 10 and 20% (wt/vol) middle viscosity chitosan solutions bind 30 and 50% of the phosphate contained in PBS, respectively. Thirteen HD patients with serum phosphate levels Ͼ6.0 mg/dl despite treatment with sevelamer hydrochloride chewed 20 mg of chitosan-loaded chewing gum twice daily for 2 wk at fast in addition to their prescribed phosphate-binding regimen. Salivary phosphate and serum phosphate significantly decreased during the first week of chewing; by the end of 2 wk, salivary phosphate decreased 55% from baseline (73.21 Ϯ 19.19 to 33.19 Ϯ 6.53; P Ͻ 0.00001), and serum phosphate decreased 31% from baseline (7.60 Ϯ 0.91 to 5.25 Ϯ 0.89 mg/dl; P Ͻ 0.00001). Salivary phosphate returned to baseline by day 15 after discontinuing the chewing gum, whereas serum phosphate levels took 30 d to return to baseline. Parathyroid hormone and serum calcium concentrations were not affected by the gum. In conclusion, adding salivary phosphate binding to traditional phosphate binders could be a useful approach for improving treatment of hyperphosphatemia in HD patients.

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Section: Clinical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Savica

Calò

Monardo

et al. 2009

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…Chitosan is a natural alkaline polysaccharide with positive charges, and also one of the most abundant natural polymers [5]- [7]. As a nontoxic, biodegradable carbohydrate polymer [8] it contains amino and hydroxyl groups per residue [9] which gives chitosan many biological activities, such as haemostatic [10], anti-inflammatory [11], antitumor activity [12] [13], antimicrobial activity [15], hypoglycemic and hypo cholesterolemic activity [16] [17] and an immune-stimulatory effect [18] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chitosan Supplemented Diet on Survival, Growth, Feed Utilization, Body Composition & Histology of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Shatby¹,

Alexandria²,

Cairó³

et al. 2015

WJET

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The effect of chitosan incorporated into feed formulation on the growth, feed utilization, body composition and histological response of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was investigated. Final fish weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV), and energy utilization (EU) of sea bass feed chitosan supplemented diet and the control diet were determined at the end of experiment. Data presents mean ± SD from triplicate determination (n = 3) for 75 days feeding trial. Different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 & 4.0) and control without chitosan incorporated with total fish feed in the form of dry diets were fed for 75 days. Average final weight (FW) was significantly higher at diet 3 (1 g•kg −1 chitosan) and the lowest in control fish group, specific growth rate (SGR) was significant at diet 3. Also, protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV), and energy utilization (EU) showed the same trend. The chemical body composition, crude protein, dry matter, crude fat and ash were significant (P ≤ 0.01) different compared to control groups. The present investigation suggested that the chitosan incorporated into diets of sea bass fish certainly enhanced the non specific responses and reduced mortality and also improved the growth performance of fish.

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“…Therefore, recent studies on chitosan have attracted interest in converting it to more soluble COS, which possess a number of interesting biological activities, such as antibacterial and antifungal [3]. Chitosan and COS have attracted considerable interest due to their biological activities, namely, antimicrobial [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and enhanced calcium and ferrum absorption [12][13][14][15][16][17] and so on. glucose, is a deacetylation product of chitin, a polysaccharide second by the prevalence in nature after cellulose [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Future Perspective in Crop Protection: Chitosan and its Oligosaccharides

Hemantaranjan

Katiyar

Singh

et al. 2014

APAR

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Studies on the biological activities of chitosan and its oligomers have been increasing, as no single type of chitosan or its oligomers exerts all of the above bioactivities. Moreover, different chitosan derivatives and enzymatic products have different structures and physicochemical properties, which may result in novel bioactivities or novel findings in known bioactive compounds. Chitosan oligosaccharides also have been shown to induce various plant defense-related cellular responses and possess by themselves antimicrobial properties against a wide spectrum of phytopathogens [18,19]. The biological activity of COS is known to depend on their structure. Chitosan derivatives have a wide scope of application and regulate the immune system of plants and induce the excretion of resistant enzymes. Moreover, chitosan not only activates the cells, but also improves its disease and insect resistant ability. There is a great concern about the consequences of utilization of chemicals on health and environment, so other means of controlling diseases have become a vehement necessity. There are other well-known problems in agriculture sector, such as: disease resistance to bactericides, fungicides and high costs to develop new products, so the scientists are interested in biological control agents and naturally occurring fungicides. Keeping in view the important role of chitosan and COS in agriculture, this review is aimed at investigating the efficacy of chitosan and its derivative on crop protection. ChitosanChitosan is derived from chitin, a polysaccharide found in exoskeleton of shellfish such as shrimp, lobster or crabs and cell wall of fungi [20]. Chitosan poly (1,4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D IntroductionNow-a-day's new approaches and practices are being developed for sustainable agriculture for various crops and vegetables. Therefore, various work is going on chitosan association for different plants growth in various laboratories of India. Chitosan and its oligosaccharides are natural molecule that are applied to crops with the aim of reducing or replacing more costly and environmentally damaging chemical bactericides. With reduced input costs and the potential for increased yields, farmers could gain substantial benefits from these applications of chitosan and its oligosaccharides to crops.Chitosan is a one of the most abundant natural amino polysaccharides extracted from the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insect, from fungal cell walls, etc. These substances have a wide variety of applications in agricultural and biotechnological industries [1,2]. Among the novel families of biological macromolecules, whose relevance is becoming increasingly evident, are chitin and its main derivative, chitosan. Both are the simplest linear polysaccharide composed of α, 1-4 linked D-glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) with various compositions of these two monomers. Chitin and its derivatives have become a promising alternative treatment due to its natural character, antifungal activity and elicitation of defense resp...

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Chitosan supplementation lowers serum lipids and maintains normal calcium, magnesium, and iron status in hyperlipidemic patients

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Effect of Chitosan Supplemented Diet on Survival, Growth, Feed Utilization, Body Composition & Histology of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

A Future Perspective in Crop Protection: Chitosan and its Oligosaccharides

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Chitosan supplementation lowers serum lipids and maintains normal calcium, magnesium, and iron status in hyperlipidemic patients

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Salivary Phosphate-Binding Chewing Gum Reduces Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients

Effect of Chitosan Supplemented Diet on Survival, Growth, Feed Utilization, Body Composition &amp; Histology of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

A Future Perspective in Crop Protection: Chitosan and its Oligosaccharides

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Product

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Effect of Chitosan Supplemented Diet on Survival, Growth, Feed Utilization, Body Composition & Histology of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)