Chlamydiaceae and chlamydial infections in sheep or goats

Rodolakis, Annie; Laroucau, Karine

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.010

Cited by 51 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…However, nowhere in the world is enforced an active control program of the disease, which remains an increased risk for people, especially in flocks with enzootic chlamydophilosis. Prevention of the disease in small ruminants is based on hygiene and biosecurity measures, strategic administration of antibiotics and vaccination of susceptible animals by attenuated or inactivated vaccines (Rodolakis et al, 1998;Innes and Wheelhouse, 2010;Menzies, 2012;Rodolakis, 2014;Lacasta et al, 2015;Rodolakis and Laroucau, 2015) 2.3. Q fever Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii, which is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium, very small and immotile.…”

Section: Prevention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic risks from small ruminants

Ganter

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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Section: Prevention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic risks from small ruminants

Ganter

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…Susceptible animals can become easily infected by the ingestion of contaminated material (9) or the inhalation of aerosols (10). EAE-affected ewes will develop an effective post-infection immune response preventing future C. abortus -induced abortions (11), but may still shed the bacteria in the following estrus, contributing to the maintenance of the infection in the flock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reproductive failure rate in a newly infected naive sheep flock is around 30% (up to 60% in goat herds), whereas in endemically infected flocks, prevalence is around 10% (12). The most effective strategy for prevention of EAE is the immunization of susceptible individuals (9). Vaccination strategies aim to trigger a protective immune response similar to that occurring after abortion in EAE-infected ewes (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, currently available vaccines against C. abortus include inactivated and live-attenuated products (14). The live temperature-sensitive attenuated vaccine has been shown to offer good protection against C. abortus -induced abortion in field trials (9, 15). However, given the zoonotic nature of the microorganism, and the recent description of outbreaks of abortions in vaccinated flocks in which a vaccine strain was implicated (16, 17), this commercially available attenuated vaccine pose safety concerns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Preventive Chlamydia abortus Vaccination in Offspring Development in Sheep Challenged Experimentally

et al. 2016

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Ovine enzootic abortion, caused by Chlamydia abortus, leads to important economic losses worldwide. In addition to reproductive failures, infection may impact lamb growth during the first weeks after birth, yet this effect has not been well characterized. Vaccination can help to control the disease but variable efficacy values have been described, possibly related with factors associated with the host, the vaccine, the parameter used for efficacy determination, and the challenge conditions. In this context, we evaluated the efficacy of an inactivated standard commercial vaccine and a 1/2 diluted dose in pregnant sheep challenged with C. abortus by examining multiple indicators of vaccine effect (including incidence of reproductive failures, bacterial excretion, and evolution of weight gain of viable lambs during the first month of life). Three groups of ewes [control non-vaccinated, C (n = 18); vaccinated with standard dose, SV (n = 16); and vaccinated with 1/2 dose, DV (n = 17)], were challenged approximately 90 days post-mating and tested using direct PCR (tissue samples and vaginal swabs) and ELISA (serum) until 31 days post-reproductive outcome. There were not significant differences in the proportions of reproductive failures or bacterial shedding after birth/abortion regardless the vaccination protocol. However, a beneficial effect of vaccination on offspring growth was detected in both vaccinated groups compared with the controls, with a mean increase in weight measured at 30 days of life of 1.5 and 2.5 kg (p = 0.056) and an increase in the geometric mean of the daily gain of 8.4 and 9.7% in lambs born from DV and SV ewes compared with controls, respectively. Our results demonstrate the effect of an inactivated vaccine in the development of the offspring of C. abortus-infected ewes at a standard and a diluted dose, an interesting finding given the difficulty in achieving sufficient antigen concentration in the production of enzootic abortion of ewes-commercial vaccines.

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“…To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first evidence of these Chlamydia species in ticks. C abortus is an abortigenic agent in small ruminants, which can also colonise the human placenta and lead to fetal death and miscarriage (Rodolakis and Laroucau 2015). The zoonotic potential of C suis was recently investigated by De Puysseleyr and others (2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%