Chlamydophila pneumoniae attachment and infection in low proteoglycan expressing human lymphoid Jurkat cells

Abstract

This study investigated the proteoglycan (PG)-dependent mechanism ofImmunofluorescent co-staining with antibodies against chlamydial LPS and heparin did not identify bacterial and heparin co-localization on Jurkat cells. We also confirmed that when C. pneumoniae was statically infected to human CD4 + peripheral blood lymphocytes known not expressing detectable level of heparin, the bacteria attached to and formed inclusion bodies in the cells. Thus, the attachment mechanism of C.pneumoniae to Jurkat cells with low PG expression is unique when compared withHEp-2 cells and potentially independent of GAGs such as heparin.

Different Use of Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans As Adherence Receptors to Corneal Cells by Gram Positive and Gram Negative Pathogens

“…The use of HS chains by different types of epithelial cells as receptors has been described in different pathogens, such as H. pylori (Ascencio et al, 1993), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Chen et al, 1995a), or S. aureus (Hayashida et al, 2011), while others may use HS combined with other GAG species, as in the case of Chlamydia trachomatis , which binds to cervix-derived human epithelia through HS and CS B, but not CS A or -C (Zaretzky et al, 1995), and S. pneumoniae , which utilizes both HS and CS in the colonization of respiratory epithelial cells (Tonnaer et al, 2006). Interestingly, in some pathogens it has been described that different classes of GAGs mediate attachment to different types of mammalian cells, such as Borrelia burgdorferi , which uses HS to bind endothelial cells and CS B and HS together to glial cells (Leong et al, 1998), and Chlamydophila pneumoniae , which uses HS to bind epithelial cells but not lymphoid Jurkat cells (Kobayashi et al, 2011). …”

Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 infection model using human lymphoid Jurkat cells

“…We further demonstrated that the C. pneumoniae mechanism of lymphocyte attachment is independent of heparin, which is generally utilized for bacterial attachment to epithelial cells in a Jurkat cell model [28]. These cells are a…”

“…However, the attachment mechanism of chlamydiae to lymphocytes appears to be very similar, although the variety of strains utilized in our study was limited. Since Jurkat cells did not express heparin at a detectable level [28], this attachment mechanism specific to lymphocytes may be heparin independent.…”

“…Although the delayed mechanism remains unknown, it could not be denied that accessibility to MVBs or vesicles differs among host cell types. We recently demonstrated that heparin expression on Jurkat cells, available for the attachment of pathogenic chlamydiae to epithelial host cells, was undetectable [28], indicating that C.…”

“…Resulting cDNAs were then subjected to PCR with pairs of primers specific for C. CTG TTG CTG TAG-3') [28] was also used. These genes of fold changes were estimated by using ∆∆CT method based on GAPDH expression, according to the method reported previously [48].…”