Chloramphenicol and Other Antibiotics in the Treatment of Typhoid Fever and Typhoid Carriers

Persistence of Antibiotics in Blood of Patients With Acute Renal Failure. Ii. Chloramphenicol and Its Metabolic Products in the Blood of Patients With Severe Renal Disease or Hepatic Cirrhosis*†

“…The data presented in this study on the persistence of chloramphenicol and its metabolic products in the serum of patients with severe renal or hepatic disease confirm and extend observations made in previous investigations in normal man (4,5,7). The observation that the serum half-life of microbially active drug is not significantly prolonged in anuric patients indicates that the rate of removal of the drug by conversion to its metabolic products is virtually unaffected by renal disease.…”

Studies on Cortisone and Antibiotics for Prompt Therapeutic Control of Typhoid Fever and Scrub Typhus

“…The regimen was so arranged that the morning dose was approximately twice that given on the 1 Supplied by Parke, Davis and Company. 2 Supplied by Merck and Company, Incorporated. 8 Oral administration of the 25 mg. tablets of cortisone acetate, which were employed throughout the study, was originally troublesome in stuporous patients and in children because the tablets quickly became soft and adhered to the palate or tongue.…”

“…Chloramphenicol has been shown to control the bacteriologic manifestations of typhoid fever within a matter of hours but the toxemia has responded more slowly to the specific antibiotic (24). Indeed, fever and general toxemia generally have continued unabated or are even somewhat intensified (2,3,5) for two or three days after antibiotic therapy has been instituted. The observations of our group (6,7) indicated that cortisone, when used either alone or along with chloramphenicol, brought prompt relief of subjective and objective acute febrile manifestations of typhoid fever.…”

“…Care of patients: Clinical and laboratory procedures employed in this study were similar to those used previously by our group in Malaya (2,7,10 (11,12). Each of these volunteers bears the same identifying code number here that was used in the other reports.…”

Treatment of chronic urinary salmonella carriers

“…WOODWARD et al (1950) reported the failure of curing 4 faecal excretors with large doses of chloramphenicol. DOUGLAS (1950) failed to cure 5 urinary carriers with chloramphenicol while MILLER and FLOYD (1954) from Egypt reported the cure of 10 out of 15 urinary carriers treated with chloramphenicol at a dosage of 3 grammes daily for 10 days.…”