Chloride–hypochlorite leaching and hydrochloric acid washing in multi-stages for extraction of gold from a refractory concentrate

Hasab, Mehdi Ghobeiti; Rashchi, Fereshteh; Raygan, Shahram

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.11.015

Cited by 47 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Among those lixiviants, chloride, thiourea, and thiosulfate have received the most attention. The development of chloride leaching is impeded mainly by its hazardous working environment, poor reaction selectivity, and high requirements for equipment corrosion protection [4][5][6]. The future of thiourea leaching is not attractive because the consumption and price of thiourea are both high and, furthermore, it is a suspected carcinogen [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Kong

et al. 2017

Metals

135

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Thiosulfate leaching is a promising alternative to cyanidation, and the main hindrances for its wide commercial application are the high thiosulfate consumption and the difficult recovery of dissolved gold. In this review, the four solutions to reduce the consumption of thiosulfate, including the control of reaction conditions, the use of additives, the generation of thiosulfate in situ, and the replacement of traditional cupric-ammonia catalysis, are introduced and evaluated after the presentation of background knowledge about thiosulfate consumption. The replacement of cupric-ammonia catalysis with other metals, such as nickel-and cobalt-based catalysts, is proposed. The reason is that it not only reduces thiosulfate consumption observably via decreasing the redox potential of leach solution significantly but also is beneficial to gold recovery mainly owing to eliminating the interference of cuprous thiosulfate [Cu(S 2 O 3 ) 3 ] 5− . Based on the comparative analysis for five common recovery techniques of rare-noble metals from pregnant leach solution, ion-exchange resin adsorption is considered to be the most appropriate to recover aurothiosulfate [Au(S 2 O 3 ) 2 ] 3− because the resin can be employed in the form of resin-in-leach/pulp and, furthermore, is able to be eluted and regenerated simultaneously at ambient temperature. At last, how to reduce the process cost of the resin adsorption technique is discussed. In order to simplify the complex two-stage elution process for loaded resins, the traditional catalysis is suggested to be replaced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Kong

et al. 2017

Metals

135

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“…Additionally, chlorine is a powerful oxidant used for gold leachate during the second half of the century; however, it was replace for cyanidation process due to the low cost. The environment needs an eco-friendly alternative to gold leaching, for this reason, chlorine and hypochlorite are being used an interesting non-polluting proposal 1,14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Publications of recent years, make reference to the use of chloride-hypochlorite for gold leaching in minerals containing pyrite obtaining AuCl4 − 2-4, 16 . Hypochlorite produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride has been used to leach gold from the mercury amalgam 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Eco-sustainable System for Alluvial Gold Leaching-Recovery

Uq¹,

Am²,

Al³

2021

Preprint

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An Integrated system for alluvial gold leaching-recovery was design to leach gold from alluvial ore as alternative to mercury and cyanide leaching. NaClO is obtained by NaCl 1 % in-situ electrolysis at pH 2 and used as leachate solution. Gold leaching optimization is achieved using a rotary drum reactor fed with the leaching solution, the process takes 6 hours and 95 % of gold recovery is obtained, the remnant gold from the alluvial ore is treated in an stationary reactor with NaClO 200 ppm at pH 2; reaching 99.6 % recovery of the total alluvial gold. This leaching-recovery alluvial system has the potential to replaced mercury and cyanide leaching process.

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“…Publicaciones de los últimos años, hacen referencia al empleo de cloruro-hipoclorito constituyéndose en una interesante propuesta no contaminante. El cloruro de sodio e hipoclorito han sido empleados para lixiviar oro de minerales conteniendo pirita, obteniendo cloruro aúrico [4][5][6][7] . La electrolisis de cloruro de sodio se ha utilizado para generar hipoclorito, logrando lixiviar oro de la amalgama de mercurio 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

USO DE CLORO ELECTROGENERADO A PARTIR DE NaCl EN MEDIO ÁCIDO COMO UNA PROPUESTA PARA LA LIXIVIACIÓN DE ORO ALUVIAL

Aguinaga¹,

Baena-Moncada²,

Gómez³

2021

rsqp

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La electrogeneración anódica de cloro molecular, a partir de cloruro de sodio en una celda electrolítica, permite la producción de ácido hipocloroso en medio acuoso. Esta mezcla de cloruro y ácido hipocloroso actúa como lixiviante del oro aluvial hasta sus formas complejas, [AuCl2]-, [AuCl4]-. Las cantidades óptimas para la lixiviación de oro, empleando solo NaCl acuoso en medio neutro fue de 10 g L-1, mientras que a pH 2, con una concentración fija de NaCl de 10 g L-1 la lixiviación de oro aumentó hasta en un 70,4%. El agregado de hipoclorito de sodio a una solución de cloruro de sodio a pH 2 demuestra que es el producto oxidado del cloruro el que cumple la función de oxidante y puede ser empleado exitosamente para recuperar oro de las arenas aluviales sin el empleo de mercurio.

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Chloride–hypochlorite leaching and hydrochloric acid washing in multi-stages for extraction of gold from a refractory concentrate

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Integrated Eco-sustainable System for Alluvial Gold Leaching-Recovery

USO DE CLORO ELECTROGENERADO A PARTIR DE NaCl EN MEDIO ÁCIDO COMO UNA PROPUESTA PARA LA LIXIVIACIÓN DE ORO ALUVIAL

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