Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticide Residues in Queensland Human Milks

Gj, Miller; Ja, Fox

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1973.tb128821.x

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…HCB has been shown to cross the placenta in the rat [30,31], rabbit [32], mouse [33], mink (unpublished data) and ferret [34]. It has also been detected in the milk produced by cows [35], mice [36], ferrets [34] and humans [5,37]. Indirect exposure of developing and nursing offspring to HCB is therefore not only possible, but virtually unavoidable when the mother is consuming a diet contaminated with this persistent halogenated hydrocarbon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Effects on the Lymphocyte Blastogenic Response to Concanavalin a in the Mink and European Ferret

Bleavins

Aulerich

Ringer

1983

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was found to depress the lymphocyte blastogenic response of mink (Mustela vison) and European ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) to the plant lectin Concanavalin A (Con-A). A significant reduction in the incorporation of [3H]thymidine was seen in the lymphocytes from adult animals consuming 25 ppm dietary HCB for 8 months. This effect was observed in animals showing no physical signs of distress or toxicity.The in utero and early postnatal exposure of young mink to HCB also resulted in a significant depression of lymphocyte responsiveness. Exposure levels as low as 1 ppm in the dam's diet caused an impaired T-cell response. In the young ferrets exposed to HCB in utero and during nursing, no change in the stimulation index was seen.The monitoring of immunocompetence in animals exposed to toxicants, either through the diet or indirectly via their dam, provides a sensitive indicator of toxicity. Effects were seen in activation of lymphocytes from the mink and ferrets used in this study without grossly observable clinical signs being present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Effects on the Lymphocyte Blastogenic Response to Concanavalin a in the Mink and European Ferret

Bleavins

Aulerich

Ringer

1983

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…Along the east coast of Australia in the State of Queensland, the p,p' DDE metabolite of DDT pesticide residues was also 12800 ng DDE g -1 fat within Brisbane residents in 1973 (Miller and Fox, 1973), compared to 255 ng DDE g -1 fat there in a ratio of 25.5 during 2003 (Mueller et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Penultimate Denoumentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Accordingly, HABs of both Karenia spp. and O. ovata were subsequently observed off Alexandria, near the Rosetta mouth of the Nile River, in 1998 (Mikhail, 2001) and 2005 (Ismael and Halim, 2012), once the zooplankton stocks had also declined ten-fold (Zakaria, 2006).…”

Section: Habsmentioning

confidence: 99%

More surprises in the global greenhouse: Human health impacts from recent toxic marine aerosol formations, due to centennial alterations of world-wide coastal food webs

Walsh

Lenes

Weisberg

et al. 2017

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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“…The National Health and Medical Research Council's (NHMRC) tolerance level was 1.25 ppm, some 13.5 times lower than the Mareeba levels. 15 The study did not examine smoking in the women, so the much higher rates in the Mareeba women may have reflected exposure to DDT spray drift as well as smoking and exposure from other sources.…”

Section: Part 1: Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Keep a low profile”: pesticide residue, additives, and freon use in Australian tobacco manufacturing

Chapman

2003

Tob Control

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Objectives: To review the Australian tobacco industry’s knowledge of pesticide residue on Australian tobacco and its policies and practices on resisting calls by tobacco control advocates that consumers should be informed about pesticide residue as well as additives. Methods: Review of previously internal industry documents relevant to pesticides and additives in Australian tobacco located from the Master Settlement Agreement websites. Results: Between 1972 and 1994 Philip Morris Australia was aware that its leaf samples were often contaminated with pesticide residue, sometimes including organochlorine levels described by PM’s European laboratories as being “extremely high”. Consumers were not advised of the contamination nor products withdrawn. From 1981, the industry also resisted calls to declare fully the extent of use and long term safety data on all additives used in their products. They developed standard public responses that were evasive and misleading and, in 2000, implemented voluntary additive disclosure which allowed the companies to continue to avoid disclosure of any ingredient they deemed to be a trade secret. There was extensive use of ozone depleting freon in Australian tobacco manufacturing. Again, the industry kept this information away from consumers. Conclusions: Australian smokers are unable to make informed decisions about smoking because pesticide and additive disclosure remains voluntary. The Australian government should regulate tobacco to require full disclosure including information on the likely health consequences of inhaling pesticide and additive pyrolysis products.

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Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticide Residues in Queensland Human Milks

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Effects on the Lymphocyte Blastogenic Response to Concanavalin a in the Mink and European Ferret

Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Effects on the Lymphocyte Blastogenic Response to Concanavalin a in the Mink and European Ferret

More surprises in the global greenhouse: Human health impacts from recent toxic marine aerosol formations, due to centennial alterations of world-wide coastal food webs

“Keep a low profile”: pesticide residue, additives, and freon use in Australian tobacco manufacturing

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