Chloroantimonate electrochemistry in dichloromethane

Reeves, Simon J.; Noori, Yasir; Zhang, Wenjian; Reid, Gillian; Bartlett, Philip N.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136692

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In this equation, n is the number of electrons transferred, F is Faraday's constant, A is the electrode area, C is the concentration, υ is the scan rate, D is the diffusion coefficient, R is the universal gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. This equation has been used subsequently by Reeves et al 30 for the calculation of the diffusion coefficient (D) derived from peak current dependence of I p on the square root of scan rate for the reversible three electron reduction of Sb 3+ (soln) to Sb 0 (metal) in dichloromethane. This equation and other variations derived from the Berzins-Delahay work that assume the process is reversible and that unit activity applies for the metal deposit also have been used to calculate D values in metal deposition studies undertaken in molten salt media.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt

Fabian

Bond

2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Nuclear energy represents an important option for generating largely clean CO2-free electricity. Zirconium is a fission product in the nuclear reaction that needs to be extracted from irradiated fuels used in Gen-IV molten salt reactors. The present investigation addresses the electrochemical reduction of solution soluble Zr4+ (soln) to surface confined Zro (s−c) at a molybdenum electrode in a LiF—CaF2 eutectic molten salt at 840 °C using DC cyclic, square-wave and AC voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms simulated by the reaction scheme: Zr4+ (soln) + 4e− → Zro (soln); Zro (soln) ↔ Zr*(s−c); Zr*(s−c) → Zr4+*(s−c) + 4e−; Zr4+*(s−c) → Zr4+ (soln); Zr*(s−c) + Zr4+ (soln) ↔ 2Zr2+ (soln); Zr2+ (soln) ↔ Zr2+*(s−c) and Zr2+*(s−c) → Zr4+*(s−c) + 2e− provided excellent agreement with experimental data over the scan rate range of 50 to 500 mV s−1. The interpretation of the simulation is that the reduction of Zr4+ (soln) to Zro (metal) takes place via a transiently soluble Zro (soln) in an overall 4-electron essentially reversible diffusion-controlled process having a reversible formal potential (Eo f) of −1.22 V (vs Pt). A minor oxidation process observed at −0.455 V (vs Pt) on the reversing the potential scan direction is simulated via the reaction step Zr(s−c) + Zr4+ (soln) ↔ 2Zr2+ (s−c) followed by Zr2+ (s−c) → Zr4+ (sol) + 2e−. The sharply rising initial component where reduction of Zr4+ (sol) commences, contains evidence of a nucleation-growth mechanism associated with the electrocrystallisation of zirconium metal. This initial rapid growth of current is not fully accommodated in the simulations, but all features found beyond the peak potential are supported by the theory. A comparison with theory based on a direct reduction of Zr4+ (soln) to the metallic state having unit activity is provided. It is proposed that an analogous mechanism applies at a Ni electrode, except that a Ni-Zr alloy formation occurs instead of Zr metal.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt

Fabian

Bond

2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Second, it has low surface tension, which makes it a promising solvent for electro- Cl as the supporting electrolyte, can be used to electrodeposit a wide variety of p-block elements, including selenium, indium, antimony, tellurium, germanium, and bismuth. 39,40 This approach can be further expanded to include more p-block metals if their corresponding halometallate salts can be synthesized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, 0.1 M [N n Bu 4 ]Cl was used as the supporting electrolyte. We have previously shown that electrodeposition solutions prepared from tetrabutylammonium chlorometallate, [N n Bu 4 ] x [MCl z ], electrolytes combined with tetrabutylammonium chloride, [N n Bu 4 ]Cl as the supporting electrolyte, can be used to electrodeposit a wide variety of p-block elements, including selenium, indium, antimony, tellurium, germanium, and bismuth. , This approach can be further expanded to include more p-block metals if their corresponding halometallate salts can be synthesized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Change Memory by GeSbTe Electrodeposition in Crossbar Arrays

Noori

Meng

Jaafar

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Phase-change memory is an emerging type of nonvolatile memory that shows a strong presence in the data-storage market. This technology has also recently attracted significant research interest in the development of non-Von Neumann computing architectures such as in-memory and neuromorphic computing. Research in these areas has been primarily motivated by the scalability potential of phase-change materials in crossbar architectures and their compatibility with industrial nanofabrication processes. In this work, we have developed crossbar phase-change memory arrays through the electrodeposition of GeSbTe (GST). We show that GST can be electrodeposited in nanofabricated TiN crossbar arrays using a scalable process. Various characterization techniques, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to study electrodeposited materials in these arrays. Phase-switching tests of electrodeposited materials have shown a resistance switching ratio of 2 orders of magnitude with an endurance of around 80 cycles. Demonstrating crossbar phase-change memories via electrodeposition paves the way toward using this technique for developing scalable memory arrays involving electrodeposited materials for passive selectors and phase-switching devices.

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Occurrence, risk, and treatment of ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin in drainage

Pamudji

et al. 2023

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Chloroantimonate electrochemistry in dichloromethane

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt

Phase-Change Memory by GeSbTe Electrodeposition in Crossbar Arrays

Occurrence, risk, and treatment of ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin in drainage

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Chloroantimonate electrochemistry in dichloromethane

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr4+ to Zr0 Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF2 Eutectic Molten Salt

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr4+ to Zr0 Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF2 Eutectic Molten Salt

Phase-Change Memory by GeSbTe Electrodeposition in Crossbar Arrays

Occurrence, risk, and treatment of ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin in drainage

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Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt

Cyclic Voltammetric Experiment-Simulation Comparisons of the Complex Zr⁴⁺ to Zr⁰ Reduction Mechanism at a Molybdenum Electrode in LiF-CaF₂ Eutectic Molten Salt