Chlorogenic acid and caffeine in combination inhibit fat accumulation by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes in mice

Abstract

Obesity has become a public health concern due to its positive association with the incidence of many diseases, and coffee components including chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine have been demonstrated to play roles in the suppression of fat accumulation. To investigate the mechanism by which CGA and caffeine regulate lipid metabolism, in the present study, forty mice were randomly assigned to four groups and fed diets containing no CGA or caffeine, CGA, caffeine, or CGA þ caffeine for 24 weeks. Body weight, intraperitoneal adipose tissue (IPAT) weight, and serum biochemical parameters were measured, and the activities and mRNA and protein expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes were analysed. There was a decrease in the body weight and IPAT weight of mice fed the CGA þ caffeine diet. There was a significant decrease in the serum and hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol, TAG and leptin of mice fed the CGA þ caffeine diet. The activities of carnitine acyltransferase (CAT) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) were increased in mice fed the caffeine and CGA þ caffeine diets, while the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was suppressed in those fed the CGA þ caffeine diet. The mRNA expression levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), CAT and ACO were considerably up-regulated in mice fed the CGA þ caffeine diet, while those of PPARg2 were down-regulated. The protein expression levels of AMPK were increased and those of FAS were decreased in mice fed the CGA þ caffeine diet. These results indicate that CGA þ caffeine suppresses fat accumulation and body weight gain by regulating the activities and mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes and that these effects are stronger than those exerted by CGA and caffeine individually.

Targeted proteomic analysis of habitual coffee consumption

“…Although data are limited, habitual caffeine and coffee intake have been linked to moderate weight loss in humans . In animals, chronic feeding of caffeine and other coffee constituents lowers leptin levels, suppresses fat accumulation and body weight gain . Indeed, further model adjustment for %BF attenuated the association between coffee and leptin in PIVUS and EpiHealth (%BF was not available in ULSAM), supporting potential mediation (or confounding) by adiposity.…”

“…A protective association with moderate coffee consumption has also been reported for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) . Experimental studies support neuroprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and anti‐adipogenic properties of coffee , but mechanisms underlying the potential protective health effects of coffee in humans remain unclear. Coffee has also been implicated in a variety of other diseases, attributing beneficial as well as adverse effects .…”

The Encystment-Related MicroRNAs and Its Regulation Molecular Mechanism in Pseudourostyla cristata Revealed by High Throughput Small RNA Sequencing

“…ACOX was the target gene of miR-28, which was a rate-limiting enzyme for the first step of the dehydrogenation of peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation [28]. Additionally, ACOX1 could inhibit fat accumulation [29], which suggested that miR-28 participated in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism of the encystment of P. cristata by upregulating ACOX, and provided the energy consumption for the cyst survival without the need to ingest food from the external environment.…”

Furostanolic saponins from Trigonella foenum‐graecum alleviate diet‐induced glucose intolerance and hepatic fat accumulation

“…Our studies indicate that a water‐soluble furostanolic saponin free of 4‐hydroxyisoleucine contributes to the insulin‐sensitizing properties of the fenugreek. Chlorogenic acid, a major polyphenolic component extracted from green coffee bean, has been reported possess antiobesity and antidiabetic properties . The rationale for studying fenugreek in combination with chlorogenic acid was to identify any potential synergistic effects of the combination.…”