Chlorogenic Acid Content of Meal from Cultivated and Wild Sunflowers¹

Abstract

The chlorogenic acid (CA) content of dehulled and defatted sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds was determined on a portion of the germplasm maintained at the Modern Research Station. This material represented 167 inbred accessions, 387 highly inbred Morden lines, and 42 North American wild H. annuus collections.Cultivated sunflower seeds contained from 1.1 to 4.5% CA with an overall mean of 2.8% and a normal distribution. Approximately 6% of the cultivated inbreds contained 2% or less CA. The wild sunflower lines averaged 2.1% CA with almost half containing less than 2% CA.There was a highly significant correlation between CA content and oil content in all populations. Seed size was not related with CA content. In the wild population, low CA content was highly significantly correlated with high hull content. Although there was no association between country of origin and CA content for the cultivated inbreds, wild sunflowers collected in the southern USA contained lower levels of CA than those collected north of 40°N latitude.

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

“…Sunflower and, to a lesser extent, soybean are the two plant protein sources with significant levels of CGAs. Chlorogenic acid levels in sunflower seed kernels are in the range 11-45 g kg (mean, 28 g kg ) (Dorrell, 1976;Dreher and Holm, 1983). …”

“…Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet (VKM) 64 07/604 -final not appear to be significantly affected by differences in climate (Dorrell, 1976). Levels of 9.9 g kg (Pratt and Birac, 1979) are present in soybeans where the CGAs reportedly contribute significantly to the antioxidant activity of the soybeans.…”

Relationship of Chlorogenic Acid Concentration in Sunflower Achenes to Bird Predation of Sunflower

“…Modification of sunflower plant morphology produced some reduction of damage due to bird feeding (Parfitt 1984 (Dorrell 1978 (Dorrell 1976 Two experiments were performed to elucidate the relationship between CA concentration and predation by redwinged or yellowheaded blackbirds and house sparrows (P as s er dome s ticus L.).…”

Evaluation of sunflower meal as a feed ingredient in broiler chicken diets: the effect of using supplemental fat or pelleting

“…Both genotype of the seeds and environmental conditions during seed maturation have a direct effect on the concentration of chlorogenlc acid In the seed. Dorrell (1976) analyzed 38 Inbred lines and found that the concentration of chlorogenlc acid ranged from 1.4% to 4%. Early seeding and warm temperatures during seed maturation favored higher levels of chlorogenlc acid.…”

“…Dehulllng has many advantages; it reduces the movement of an unnecessary mass through the systems, it reduces wear in the expeller, it reduces the wax content of the oil, and it reduces the fiber content of the meal (Dorrell, 1976).…”