Chloroplast anchoring: its implications for the regulation of intracellular chloroplast distribution

Takagi, Shingo; Takamatsu, Hideyasu; Sakurai-Ozato, Nami

doi:10.1093/jxb/erp193

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The actin cytoskeleton is a network of individual, cross-linked, and/or highly bundled filamentous structures. In plant cells, these continuously remodeled arrays power intracellular locomotion and serve as "cellular motorways" for the transport of various organellar cargos [47]. Actin filaments are also implicated in vesicle trafficking between endomembrane compartments, especially in trafficking to and from the plasma membrane [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ-specific proteomic analysis of drought-stressed soybean seedlings

Mohammadi

Moieni

Hiraga

et al. 2012

Journal of Proteomics

135

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ-specific proteomic analysis of drought-stressed soybean seedlings

Mohammadi

Moieni

Hiraga

et al. 2012

Journal of Proteomics

135

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“…It has been postulated that in plants the intracellular mobility and positioning of chloroplasts depend on microfilament-and microtubule-based cytoskeletons (Dong et al, 1998;Sato et al, 2001;Shimmen and Yokota, 2004;Wada and Suetsugu, 2004;Chuong et al, 2006;Paves and Truve, 2007;Reisen and Hanson, 2007;Takagi et al, 2009). Close links of chloroplasts with actin filaments were shown in vascular plants and algae (Takagi, 2003).…”

Section: The Pten Domain Mediates the Association Of Fh5 With Chloropmentioning

confidence: 99%

RICE MORPHOLOGY DETERMINANTEncodes the Type II Formin FH5 and Regulates Rice Morphogenesis

et al. 2011

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Multicellular organisms contain a large number of formins; however, their physiological roles in plants remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal that formin homology 5 (FH5), a type II formin mutated in rice morphology determinant (rmd), plays a crucial role in determining rice (Oryza sativa) morphology. FH5/RMD encodes a formin-like protein consisting of an N-terminal phosphatase tensin (PTEN)-like domain, an FH1 domain, and an FH2 domain. The rmd mutants display a bending growth pattern in seedlings, are stunted as adult plants, and have aberrant inflorescence (panicle) and seed shape. Cytological analysis showed that rmd mutants have severe cell elongation defects and abnormal microtubule and microfilament arrays. FH5/RMD is ubiquitously expressed in rice tissues, and its protein localization to the chloroplast surface is mediated by the PTEN domain. Biochemical assays demonstrated that recombinant FH5 protein can nucleate actin polymerization from monomeric G-actin or actin/profilin complexes, cap the barbed end of actin filaments, and bundle actin filaments in vitro. Moreover, FH5 can directly bind to and bundle microtubules through its FH2 domain in vitro. Our findings suggest that the rice formin protein FH5 plays a critical role in determining plant morphology by regulating actin dynamics and proper spatial organization of microtubules and microfilaments.

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“…As with most organelle movements in plants, the actin cytoskeleton also plays an important role in determining the intracellular positioning of chloroplasts and in directional chloroplast photorelocation movements (Oikawa et al, 2003;Kadota et al, 2009;Takagi et al, 2009;Suetsugu et al, 2010b). It has recently been reported that short chloroplast-actin (cp-actin) filaments are essential for chloroplast movements (Kadota et al, 2009;Kodama et al, 2010;Suetsugu et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Severing and Motility of Chloroplast-Actin Filaments Are Required for the Chloroplast Avoidance Response inArabidopsis

et al. 2013

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Phototropins (phot1 and phot2 in Arabidopsis thaliana) relay blue light intensity information to the chloroplasts, which move toward weak light (the accumulation response) and away from strong light (the avoidance response). Chloroplast-actin (cpactin) filaments are vital for mediating these chloroplast photorelocation movements. In this report, we examine in detail the cp-actin filament dynamics by which the chloroplast avoidance response is regulated. Although stochastic dynamics of cortical actin fragments are observed on the chloroplasts, the basic mechanisms underlying the disappearance (including severing and turnover) of the cp-actin filaments are regulated differently from those of cortical actin filaments. phot2 plays a pivotal role in the strong blue light-induced severing and random motility of cp-actin filaments, processes that are therefore essential for asymmetric cp-actin formation for the avoidance response. In addition, phot2 functions in the bundling of cpactin filaments that is induced by dark incubation. By contrast, the function of phot1 is dispensable for these responses. Our findings suggest that phot2 is the primary photoreceptor involved in the rapid reorganization of cp-actin filaments that allows chloroplasts to change direction rapidly and control the velocity of the avoidance movement according to the light's intensity and position.

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Chloroplast anchoring: its implications for the regulation of intracellular chloroplast distribution

Cited by 28 publications

References 65 publications

Organ-specific proteomic analysis of drought-stressed soybean seedlings

Organ-specific proteomic analysis of drought-stressed soybean seedlings

RICE MORPHOLOGY DETERMINANTEncodes the Type II Formin FH5 and Regulates Rice Morphogenesis

Rapid Severing and Motility of Chloroplast-Actin Filaments Are Required for the Chloroplast Avoidance Response inArabidopsis

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