Chlorpromazine Equivalent Doses for the Newer Atypical Antipsychotics

Woods, Scott W.

doi:10.4088/jcp.v64n0607

Cited by 1,898 publications

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“…Our data also demonstrate a significant difference between haloperidol and olanzapine on two evoked components, suggesting that haloperidol and olanzapine may utilize a different mechanism to affect the auditory evoked potential at the doses administered. While the typical ratio of olanzapine to haloperidol doses is 5 : 2, the ratios of 10 : 1, 5 : 1, and 5 : 2 each display significant differences between the two drugs (Woods, 2003). Since D2 occupancies have been reported to Figure 2 Amplitude7SEM for the P20, N40, P80, and P20/N40 complex by drug condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Olanzapine and Haloperidol Differ on the Mouse N1 Auditory Evoked Potential

Maxwell

Liang

Weightman

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Auditory evoked potentials have been used in a variety of animal models to assess information-processing impairments in schizophrenia. Previous mouse models have primarily employed a paired click paradigm to assess the transient measures of auditory gating. The current study uses stimulus trains at varied interstimulus intervals (ISI) between 0.25 and 8 s in mice to assess the effects of chronic olanzapine and haloperidol on auditory processing. Data indicate that olanzapine increases the amplitude of the N40, P80, and P20/N40 components of the auditory evoked potential, whereas haloperidol had no such effect. The ISI paradigm also allowed for an evaluation of several components of the mouse evoked potential to assess those that display response properties similar to the human P50 and N100. Data suggest that the mouse N40 displays an ISI response relationship that shares characteristics with the human N100, whereas the P20 appears more consistent with the human P50 across the ISI range evaluated in this task. This study suggests that olanzapine may help improve N100 impairments seen in schizophrenia, while haloperidol does not.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Olanzapine and Haloperidol Differ on the Mouse N1 Auditory Evoked Potential

Maxwell

Liang

Weightman

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Assessments of psychiatric symptom severity, performance-based functional capacity, neuropsychological performance, and subjective and objective QOL were administered to all participants at the baseline assessment, before any treatment was provided, by examiners trained to a high level of interrater reliability (ICCs>.90). Antipsychotic medication dosages were converted into chlorpromazine equivalents (CPZE) according to standard formulae (Jeste and Wyatt, 1982;Woods, 2003), except for participants taking clozapine or long-acting injectable medications (n=10), for which conversion formulae do not exist.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective and objective quality of life in schizophrenia

Narvaez¹,

Twamley²,

McKibbin³

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

226

139

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Objective-Quality of life (QOL) is considered an important outcome in the treatment of schizophrenia, but the determinants of QOL are poorly understood in this population. Furthermore, previous studies have relied on combined measures of subjective QOL (usually defined as life satisfaction) and objective QOL (usually defined as participation in activities and relationships). We examined separately the clinical, functional, and cognitive predictors of subjective and objective QOL in outpatients with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that better subjective QOL would be associated with less severe negative and depressive symptoms, better objective QOL, and greater everyday functioning capacity, and that better objective QOL would be associated with less severe negative and depressive symptoms, better cognitive performance, and greater functional capacity.Method-Participants included 88 outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who completed a comprehensive series of assessments, including measures of positive, negative, and depressive symptoms; performance-based functional skills; a neuropsychological battery; and an interview measure of subjective and objective QOL.Results-In the context of multiple predictor variables, more severe depressive symptoms and better neuropsychological functioning were independent predictors of worse subjective QOL. More severe negative symptoms predicted worse objective QOL. Functional capacity variables were not associated with subjective or objective QOL.Conclusion-Treatments to improve QOL in schizophrenia should focus on negative symptoms and depressive symptoms.

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“…In cases of multi-site studies (FBIRN, MCIC, UMCU, and Osaka) binary dummy covariates were included in the model to account for n−1 sites. For samples where information was available, secondary models were run separately with each of the following covariates: (1) current antipsychotic medication [by medication group: atypical/ typical/both/none; and by using chlorpromazine (CPZ) equivalents as described in Woods (2003), available in a subsample of n = 1178], (2) duration of illness, (3) age of onset (defined as onset of symptoms), (4) illness severity (measured using PANSS Total score), and (5) handedness (right/left/ambidextrous). Additional exploratory analyses were carried out to investigate the link between negative symptom severity and cortical thickness in schizophrenia spectrum subtypes and in 10 additional frontal brain regions.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

et al. 2017

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Background. Our understanding of the complex relationship between schizophrenia symptomatology and etiological factors can be improved by studying brain-based correlates of schizophrenia. Research showed that impairments in value processing and executive functioning, which have been associated with prefrontal brain areas [particularly the medial orbitofrontal cortex (MOFC)], are linked to negative symptoms. Here we tested the hypothesis that MOFC thickness is associated with negative symptom severity. Results. Meta-analytical results showed that left, but not right, MOFC thickness was significantly associated with negative symptom severity (β std = −0.075; p = 0.019) after accounting for age, gender, and site. This effect remained significant (p = 0.036) in a model including overall illness severity. Covarying for duration of illness, age of onset, antipsychotic medication or handedness weakened the association of negative symptoms with left MOFC thickness. As part of a secondary analysis including 10 other prefrontal regions further associations in the left lateral orbitofrontal gyrus and pars opercularis emerged.Conclusions. Using an unusually large cohort and a meta-analytical approach, our findings point towards a link between prefrontal thinning and negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. This finding provides further insight into the relationship between structural brain abnormalities and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Chlorpromazine Equivalent Doses for the Newer Atypical Antipsychotics

Cited by 1,898 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Chronic Olanzapine and Haloperidol Differ on the Mouse N1 Auditory Evoked Potential

Effects of Chronic Olanzapine and Haloperidol Differ on the Mouse N1 Auditory Evoked Potential

Subjective and objective quality of life in schizophrenia

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

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