Choice reaction time and grip strength as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in middle‐aged and elderly Japanese: from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Adult Health study

Shimizu, Masaki; Misumi, Munechika; Yamada, Michiko; Ohishi, Waka; Yamamoto, Hideya; Kihara, Yasuki

doi:10.1111/imj.14002

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although associations between grip strength and walking pace and both all‐cause and stroke mortality have been previously reported both in middle‐aged and older populations, as well as in men and women, 23,31,34–40 studies on stroke survivors are usually clinical trials 13–17 rather than large prospective studies as it is the case of our work. One observational study stated that impairments in lower contralesional hand‐grip strength resulting from stroke had not shown any improvement in 2 years of follow‐up compared to the control group; however, in that study, the target population was not large enough, with only 10 participants remaining at the end of the investigation 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Associations of grip strength and walking pace with mortality in stroke survivors: A prospective study from UK Biobank

Soltanisarvestani

Lynskey

Gray

et al. 2023

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Introduction Although stroke is an emerging cause of disability and mortality globally, associations between physical capability markers and mortality in stroke survivors are elusive. This study investigated the individual and combined associations of walking pace and grip strength with all‐cause and stroke mortality in stroke survivors. Methods Individual and combined associations of walking pace and grip strength with stroke deaths and all‐cause mortality were investigated using Cox proportional‐hazard models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health‐related variables. Results Seven thousand four hundred eighty‐six stroke survivors from the UK Biobank study (aged 40–70 years; 42.4% women) were included in this prospective study. Over a median follow‐up of 12.6 (IQR: 11.9–13.3) years, 1490 (19.9%) participants died, of whom 222 (3.0%) died from stroke. After adjusting for confounding factors, and compared to individuals in the average/brisk walking pace category, those who reported a slow walking pace had 2.00 (95% CI: 1.50–2.68) and 1.99 (95% CI: 1.78–2.23) times higher risk of stroke mortality and all‐cause mortality, respectively. Similar associations were identified for participants with low grip strength compared with those with normal levels. For combined associations, those with both slow walking pace and low grip strength showed the highest risk of stroke mortality (hazard ratio: 2.86 [95% CI: 1.93–4.22]). Similar results were found for all‐cause mortality. Conclusions Low grip strength and slow walking pace were associated with a higher risk of stroke and all‐cause mortality in stroke survivors. If these associations are causal, improving physical capability among stroke survivors might potentially prolong survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Associations of grip strength and walking pace with mortality in stroke survivors: A prospective study from UK Biobank

Soltanisarvestani

Lynskey

Gray

et al. 2023

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…At the behavioral level, it has recently been shown that medical students with better academic performance had lower RT (Prabhavathi et al, 2017). Not only that, in middleaged and older people, lower performance in RT tasks can be a predictor of heart disease and stroke mortality (Shimizu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Quarantine Impact on Wellbeing and Cognitive Functioning During a 10-Week High-Intensity Functional Training Program in Young University Students

Ballester-Ferrer

Carbonell-Hernández

Pastor

et al. 2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Physical exercise can improve cognitive functioning and wellbeing; however, the degree of change in either of these two variables seems to be related to the exercise intensity or type. Therefore, new physical training (PT) programs have been developed to increase exercise efficiency. One such example is high-intensity functional training (HIFT), which has proven to be a time-efficient and highly effective strategy to improve physical fitness. This study analyzed whether HIFT can affect reaction time (RT) and vitality, as well as positive and negative affect. Forty-two college students participated in the study, 21 in the experimental group and 21 in the control group. The experimental group completed 10 weeks of training, five of which were supervised, and the remainder consisted of online training during the COVID-19 quarantine. Participants were evaluated at the beginning, at the end of the 5 weeks of supervised training, and after the 5 weeks of online training. HIFT improved RT without changes in psychological wellbeing during the entire period of training supervised and online. Therefore, during the HIFT program, the quarantine situation did not adversely affect this population’s wellbeing, but it did negatively affect adherence to the training program.

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“…Several previous studies have demonstrated that a decrease in muscle mass or muscle strength8–18 or insulin sensitivity19–25 may be common risk factors for diseases related to needing long-term care. Indeed, aging-related decreases in muscle strength or muscle mass8 are associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome,10–12 26 cognitive decline,12 14 cerebrovascular disease27 28 and all-cause mortality 13 29. In addition, decreased muscle mass or muscle strength is also closely associated with decreased mobility, falls and fractures15 16 as well as decreased psychosocial well-being17 and quality of life,18 which are associated with geriatric depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle function and need for long-term care of urban elderly people in Japan (the Bunkyo Health Study): a prospective cohort study

et al. 2019

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PurposeThe proportion of elderly individuals (age ≥65 years) in Japan reached 27.7% in 2017, the highest in the world. A serious social problem in a super-aged society is the rise in the number of elderly people who need long-term care (LTC), which is mainly due to cerebrovascular disease, dementia, age-related frailty, falls and fractures, and joint disease. We hypothesised that decreased muscle mass, muscle strength and insulin sensitivity are the common risk factors for these diseases related to needing LTC. We developed a prospective cohort study of elderly subjects in an urban community to test this hypothesis. The primary objective is to prospectively investigate associations between muscle mass, muscle strength, and insulin sensitivity and incidence of main disease and risk factors of needing LTC. The primary outcomes are the incidence of cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline.ParticipantsParticipants were 1629 people aged 65–84 years living in 13 communities in an urban area (Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan). Average age was 73.1±5.4 years.Findings to dateWe obtained baseline data on cognitive function, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) determined by brain MRI, body composition, bone mineral density, arteriosclerosis, physical function, muscle mass, muscle strength and insulin sensitivity. Mild cognitive impairment and dementia were observed in 18.1% and 3.3% of participants, respectively. The prevalence of cerebral SVD was 24.8%. These characteristics are similar to those previously reported in elderly Japanese subjects.Future plansWe will ask participants about their health status, including incidence of cerebrovascular disease, falls, fractures and other diseases every year by mail. We plan to re-evaluate cognitive function, brain MRI parameters and other parameters at 5 and 10 years after the baseline evaluation. We will evaluate whether low muscle function (muscle mass, muscle strength or insulin sensitivity) is a risk factor for cognitive decline or cerebrovascular disease.

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Choice reaction time and grip strength as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in middle‐aged and elderly Japanese: from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Adult Health study

Abstract: RT and GS, alone and in combination, predicted heart disease and stroke mortalities. Interventions for both cognitive function and physical function may be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular disease mortality.

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Associations of grip strength and walking pace with mortality in stroke survivors: A prospective study from UK Biobank

Associations of grip strength and walking pace with mortality in stroke survivors: A prospective study from UK Biobank

COVID-19 Quarantine Impact on Wellbeing and Cognitive Functioning During a 10-Week High-Intensity Functional Training Program in Young University Students

Skeletal muscle function and need for long-term care of urban elderly people in Japan (the Bunkyo Health Study): a prospective cohort study

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