Chokeberry Anthocyanin Extract as Pancreaticβ-Cell Protectors in Two Models of Induced Oxidative Stress

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of a chokeberry anthocyanin extract (CAE) on pancreatic β-cells (βTC3) exposed to hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) and high glucose- (HG-) induced oxidative stress conditions. In order to quantify individual anthocyanins high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to photodiode array (PDA) was used. The identification of the fragment ion pattern of anthocyanins was carried out by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The results showed that physiologically achievable concentrations of CAE (1, 5, and 10 μM) protect βTC3 against H2O2- and HG-induced cytotoxicity. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in pancreatic β-cells pretreated with CAE compared to cells exposed to the prooxidant agents. GSH levels initially reduced after exposure to H2O2 and HG were restored by pretreatment with CAE. Insulin secretion in βTC3 cells was enhanced by CAE pretreatment. CAE restored the insulin pool and diminished the intracellular reactive oxygen species level in glucose-induced stress condition in βTC3 cells. These results demonstrate that anthocyanins from CAE were biologically active, showing a secretagogue potential and an antioxidative protection of enzymatic systems, conferring protection against H2O2 and glucose toxicity in βTC3 cells.

Anti-diabetic actions of Berry polyphenols – Review on proposed mechanisms of action

“…Furthermore, chokeberry anthocyanin extract restored insulin secretion and diminished intracellular reactive oxygen species level in glucose-induced stress condition in TC3. These results demonstrate that chokeberry anthocyanin extract were biologically active, showing protection of endogenous antioxidant enzymatic systems against pro-oxidants and high glucose in pancreatic ␤-cells [26]. Taken together, available in vitro cell culture data with berry extracts suggest favorable effects on impaired pancreatic ␤-cells function via reducing oxidative stress, enhancing insulin production, reducing apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation (Table 3, Fig.…”

“…Rugina et al [26] showed that chokeberry anthocyanin extract (1, 5, and 10 M) protected mouse pancreatic ␤-cells (TC3) against pro-oxidant (H 2 O 2 ) and high glucose-induced cytotoxicity. They demonstrated that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were increased in the presence of chokeberry anthocyanin extract compared to cells exposed to the pro-oxidants in TC3 cells.…”

Beneficial effects of Aronia melanocarpa berry extract on hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

“…A. melanocarpa juice reduced blood glucose levels in animal models of diabetes through the inhibition of α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase activities (Worsztynowicz, Napierała, Białas, Grajek, & Olkowicz, 2014; Yamane et al., 2016). Additionally, anthocyanins isolated from A. melanocarpa could scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated as a result of high glucose levels in pancreatic β‐cells (Rugină et al., 2015). However, limited information is available regarding whether Aronia melanocarpa berry extract (AMBE) ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance in T2DM.…”

Identification and characterization of a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor from aronia juice

“…In food protein hydrolysates, DPP IV inhibitors have been reported to be derivative peptides from atlantic salmon skin, tuna cooking juice, Japanese rice bran, gouda cheese and milk protein [18]. Previous studies have also shown that aronia juice contains anthocyanin glycosides including cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-arabinoside, cyanidin 3-gulcoside and cyanidin 3-xyloside [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Furthermore, cyanidin and cyanidin 3-glucoside have been reported to be DPP IV inhibitors [17].…”