Cholera toxin-induced small intestinal secretion has a secretory effect on the colon of the rat

Nocerino, Agostino; Iafusco, M.; Guandalini, Stefano

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90005-5

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the ileal STa clearly induces secretion in both the ileum and jejunum, we did not observe any activation of fluid secretion in the mid-colon which contrasts with a study using cholera toxin 19. The group reported that instillation of cholera toxin into the rat jejunum evoked not only jejunal fluid secretion but colonic secretion as well.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Vagotomy inhibits the jejunal fluid secretion activated by luminal ileal Escherichia coli STa in the rat in vivo

Rolfe¹,

Levin

1999

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Vagotomy inhibits the jejunal fluid secretion activated by luminal ileal Escherichia coli STa in the rat in vivo

Rolfe¹,

Levin

1999

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In answer to question 1, there are several examples of remotely activated intestinal inflammation. For instance, exposure of the rat jejunum to cholera toxin induces fluid secretion not only locally, but also remotely in the colon, which was not exposed to the toxin (22). In addition, rotavirus infection in the mouse small intestine also remotely causes fluid secretion in the colon by allowing epithelial cells to produce biological mediators that can then activate the enteric nervous system (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated lipopolysaccharide in the colon evokes intestinal inflammation, aggravated in immune modulator-impaired mice

Riegler

Pothoulakis

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Frequency of gram-negative bacteria is markedly enhanced in inflamed gut, leading to augmented LPS in the intestine. Although LPS in the intestine is considered harmless and, rather, provides protective effects against epithelial injury, it has been suggested that LPS causes intestinal inflammation, such as necrotizing enterocolitis. Therefore, direct effects of LPS in the intestine remain to be studied. In this study, we examine the effect of LPS in the colon of mice instilled with LPS by rectal enema. We found that augmented LPS on the luminal side of the colon elicited inflammation in the small intestine remotely, not in the colon; this inflammation was characterized by body weight loss, increased fluid secretion, enhanced inflammatory cytokine production, and epithelial damage. In contrast to the inflamed small intestine induced by colonic LPS, the colonic epithelium did not exhibit histological tissue damage or inflammatory lesions, although intracolonic LPS treatment elicited inflammatory cytokine gene expression in the colon tissues. Moreover, we found that intracolonic LPS treatment substantially decreased the frequency of immune-suppressive regulatory T cells (CD4+/CD25+and CD4+/Foxp3+). We were intrigued to find that LPS-promoted intestinal inflammation is exacerbated in immune modulator-impaired IL-10−/−and Rag-1−/−mice. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that elevated LPS in the colon is able to cause intestinal inflammation and, therefore, suggest a physiological explanation for the importance of maintaining the balance between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in the intestine to maintain homeostasis in the gut.

show abstract

Section: Increased Intestinal Secretionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…There may also be distant effects in the small intestine 9 and a reflex secretory response in the colon. 10 LT and ST also activate neural secretory reflexes but 5-HT does not appear to be involved in the secretory pathway of these toxins. 11 Rotavirus has been assumed to elicit diarrhoea by damaging absorptive cells but evidence is emerging that rotavirus intestinal infection can evoke fluid and electrolyte secretion by activation of the enteric nervous system.…”

Section: Increased Intestinal Secretionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Management of infectious diarrhoea

Casburn-Jones

2004

Gut

213

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cholera toxin-induced small intestinal secretion has a secretory effect on the colon of the rat

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Vagotomy inhibits the jejunal fluid secretion activated by luminal ileal Escherichia coli STa in the rat in vivo

Vagotomy inhibits the jejunal fluid secretion activated by luminal ileal Escherichia coli STa in the rat in vivo

Elevated lipopolysaccharide in the colon evokes intestinal inflammation, aggravated in immune modulator-impaired mice

Management of infectious diarrhoea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About